Maine

Cumberland

303,069
2020 population
1790
first census record
24
census records

About Cumberland

Cumberland, Maine, first appears in the United States federal census in 1790, when it recorded a population of 26,105. At the most recent census, in 2020, its population stood at 303,069.

The county's recorded population has risen across the decades to its highest level in 2020.

On the ground today, 22 documented military engagements have been recorded within the county, among them Falmouth Raid (First), Scarborough Raid, Battle of Falmouth Maine 1689, and 251 places are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Population by decade

Census YearPopulationChart
2020303,069
2010281,674
2000265,612
1990243,135
1980215,789
1970192,528
1960182,751
1950169,201
1940146,000
1930134,645
1920124,376
1910112,014
1900100,689
189090,949
188086,359
187082,021
186075,591
185079,538
184068,658
183060,102
182049,445
181042,831
180038,208
179026,105
Source

Population data from the United States decennial census, U.S. Census Bureau (public domain).

Battles & engagements in Cumberland

Military engagements that took place in Cumberland, Maine.

Falmouth Raid (First)
1675
Scarborough Raid
1675
Battle of Falmouth Maine 1689
1689
Battle of Casco Bay (Falmouth 1690)
1690
Fort Loyal Massacre
1690
Siege of Fort Loyal Casco 1690
1690
Siege of Fort Loyal (Falmouth) 1690
1690
Siege of Fort Loyal (Casco, 1690)
1690
Falmouth Massacre (King William's War)
1690
Raid on Falmouth (Casco, Maine) 1690
1690
Battle of Casco Bay (Fort Loyal) 1690
1690
Raid on Casco Bay ME 1690
1690
Siege of Casco (Portland, ME, 1703)
1703
Raid on Casco ME Area (Queen Anne's War 1703)
1703
Queen Anne's War – Raid on Casco ME 1703
1703
Battle of Bloody Point (ME, 1703)
1703
Hilton's Expedition (Maine 1703)
1703
Father Rale's War – Raid on Brunswick ME 1722
1722
Raid on Brunswick ME (Dummer's War)
1722
Raid on Brunswick 1722
1722
Bombardment of Falmouth
1775
Burning of Falmouth (Maine)
1775

Historic places in Cumberland

National Register of Historic Places listings in Cumberland, Maine.

Payson House at Thornhurst
Falmouth
Merrill, Capt. Reuel and Lucy, House
Cumberland Center Station
Western Promenade
Portland
Harraseeket Historic District
Freeport
Watkins House and Cabins
South Casco
Griffin House
Portland
Marrett, Daniel, House
Standish
Portland City Hospital
Portland
Purington, Elisha, House
Falmouth
Paine Neighborhood Historic District
Standish
St. Hyacinth School and Convent
Westbrook
Ryefield Bridge
Stuarts Corner
Stimson Memorial Hall
Gray
Fort Gorges
Portland
Maine Publicity Bureau Building
Portland
US Post Office-Portland Main
Portland
Seavey-Robinson House
South Portland
Morse-Libby Mansion
Portland
Reed, Thomas Brackett, House
Portland
Portland Headlight
Cape Elizabeth
Cumberland and Oxford Canal
Standish
Two Lights
Cape Elizabeth
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, Monument
Portland
Bailey Island Library Hall
Harpswell
Browse all Mainehistoric sites ›

Other counties in Maine

Explore census history and historic records for more Maine counties.

AroostookFranklinHancockKennebecKnoxLincolnOxfordPenobscotPiscataquisSagadahocSomersetWaldoWashingtonYorkAndroscoggin
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Everything a full report reveals about Cumberland County, Maine

This page charts the census history of Cumberland County, Maine. A full Aubrey report for an address here pulls together everything the historical record holds about the ground, from the earliest settlement to the twentieth century:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
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Frequently asked about Cumberland

When does Cumberland first appear in the US census?
Cumberland, Maine first appears in the federal census in 1790, with a recorded population of 26,105.
What is the population of Cumberland?
At the most recent federal census (2020), Cumberland had a recorded population of 303,069.
Were any battles fought in Cumberland?
22 documented military engagements took place in Cumberland, including Falmouth Raid (First), Scarborough Raid, Battle of Falmouth Maine 1689.
How many historic places are in Cumberland?
251 sites are listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Cumberland, Maine.
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