North Carolina

Caswell

22,736
2020 population
1790
first census record
24
census records

About Caswell

Caswell, North Carolina, first appears in the United States federal census in 1790, when it recorded a population of 10,096. At the most recent census, in 2020, its population stood at 22,736.

Its recorded population peaked at 23,719 in 2010, and has since declined by roughly 4 percent.

On the ground today, 2 documented military engagements have been recorded within the county, among them Occaneechi Village Battle, Bacon's Rebellion — Battle of Occoneechee Island, and 26 places are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Population by decade

Census YearPopulationChart
202022,736
201023,719
200023,501
199020,693
198020,705
197019,055
196019,912
195020,870
194020,032
193018,214
192015,759
191014,858
190015,028
189016,028
188017,825
187016,081
186016,215
185015,269
184014,693
183015,185
182013,253
181011,757
18008,701
179010,096
Source

Population data from the United States decennial census, U.S. Census Bureau (public domain).

Battles & engagements in Caswell

Military engagements that took place in Caswell, North Carolina.

Occaneechi Village Battle
1676
Bacon's Rebellion — Battle of Occoneechee Island
1676

Historic places in Caswell

National Register of Historic Places listings in Caswell, North Carolina.

Caswell County Courthouse
Yanceyville
Poteat House
Yanceyville
Holderness, William Henry and Sarah, House
Yanceyville
Brown-Graves House and Brown's Store
Locust Hill
Milton Historic District
Milton
Griers Presbyterian Church and Cemetery
Frogsboro
Yancey, Bartlett, House
Yanceyville
Warren House and Warren's Store
Prospect Hill
Rose Hill
Locust Hill
Yanceyville Historic District
Yanceyville
Longwood
Milton
Red House Presbyterian Church
Semora
Milton State Bank
Milton
Caswell County Training School
Yanceyville
Wildwood
Semora
Melrose/Williamson House
Yanceyville Township
Saint Agnes Church
Franklin
Moore House
Locust Hill
Union Tavern
Milton
Browse all North Carolinahistoric sites ›

Other counties in North Carolina

Explore census history and historic records for more North Carolina counties.

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Everything a full report reveals about Caswell County, North Carolina

This page charts the census history of Caswell County, North Carolina. A full Aubrey report for an address here pulls together everything the historical record holds about the ground, from the earliest settlement to the twentieth century:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
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Frequently asked about Caswell

When does Caswell first appear in the US census?
Caswell, North Carolina first appears in the federal census in 1790, with a recorded population of 10,096.
What is the population of Caswell?
At the most recent federal census (2020), Caswell had a recorded population of 22,736.
When did Caswell's population peak?
Caswell's recorded population peaked at 23,719 in 2010.
Were any battles fought in Caswell?
2 documented military engagements took place in Caswell, including Occaneechi Village Battle, Bacon's Rebellion — Battle of Occoneechee Island.
How many historic places are in Caswell?
26 sites are listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Caswell, North Carolina.
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