South Carolina

Chesterfield

43,273
2020 population
1800
first census record
23
census records

About Chesterfield

Chesterfield, South Carolina, first appears in the United States federal census in 1800, when it recorded a population of 5,216. At the most recent census, in 2020, its population stood at 43,273.

Its recorded population peaked at 46,734 in 2010, and has since declined by roughly 7 percent.

On the ground today, 9 documented military engagements have been recorded within the county, among them Skirmish near Cheraw SC — February 28 1865, Action at Chesterfield Court House — March 1865, Confederate Powder Magazine Explosion — Cheraw March 1865, and 32 places are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Population by decade

Census YearPopulationChart
202043,273
201046,734
200042,768
199038,577
198038,161
197033,667
196033,717
195036,236
194035,963
193034,334
192031,969
191026,301
190020,401
189018,468
188016,345
187010,584
186011,834
185010,790
18408,574
18308,472
18206,645
18105,564
18005,216
Source

Population data from the United States decennial census, U.S. Census Bureau (public domain).

Battles & engagements in Chesterfield

Military engagements that took place in Chesterfield, South Carolina.

Skirmish near Cheraw SC — February 28 1865
1865
Action at Chesterfield Court House — March 1865
1865
Confederate Powder Magazine Explosion — Cheraw March 1865
1865
Battle of Cheraw SC — March 3 1865
1865
Action at Swift Creek / Cheraw Approach
1865
Action at Cheraw SC — Confederate Powder Magazine Explosion
1865
Battle of Cheraw SC
1865
Chesterfield SC — Sherman's March
1865
Capture of Cheraw
1865

Historic places in Chesterfield

National Register of Historic Places listings in Chesterfield, South Carolina.

Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot in McBee
McBee
West Main Street Historic District
Chesterfield
Cheraw Historic District
Cheraw
Smalls, Robert, School
Cheraw
Lucas, Dr. Thomas E., House
Chesterfield
East Main Street Historic District
Chesterfield
St. David's Episcopal Church and Cemetery
Cheraw
Browse all South Carolinahistoric sites ›

Other counties in South Carolina

Explore census history and historic records for more South Carolina counties.

OrangeburgPendletonPickensRichlandSaludaSpartanburgSumterUnionWilliamsburgYorkAbbevilleAikenAllendaleAndersonBambergBarnwellBeaufortBerkeleyCalhounCharleston
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Everything a full report reveals about Chesterfield County, South Carolina

This page charts the census history of Chesterfield County, South Carolina. A full Aubrey report for an address here pulls together everything the historical record holds about the ground, from the earliest settlement to the twentieth century:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
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Frequently asked about Chesterfield

When does Chesterfield first appear in the US census?
Chesterfield, South Carolina first appears in the federal census in 1800, with a recorded population of 5,216.
What is the population of Chesterfield?
At the most recent federal census (2020), Chesterfield had a recorded population of 43,273.
When did Chesterfield's population peak?
Chesterfield's recorded population peaked at 46,734 in 2010.
Were any battles fought in Chesterfield?
9 documented military engagements took place in Chesterfield, including Skirmish near Cheraw SC — February 28 1865, Action at Chesterfield Court House — March 1865, Confederate Powder Magazine Explosion — Cheraw March 1865.
How many historic places are in Chesterfield?
32 sites are listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Chesterfield, South Carolina.
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