Arizona North Of Gila River

The region north of the Gila River was inhabited by Paleo-Indians some 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, and later by the Ancestral Puebloan, Hohokam, Mogollon, and Sinagua cultures, all of which disappeared by the 15th and 16th centuries. It became part of Mexico's state of Sonora in 1822 before being transferred to the United States under the Mexican Cession in 1848, at which point it was incorporated into the Territory of New Mexico. In 1863 it became part of the newly created Arizona Territory, and in 1912 Arizona was admitted as a state.

Pre-contact era

About 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, Paleo-Indians settled in what is now Arizona. The Ancestral Puebloan, Hohokam, Mogollon, and Sinagua cultures inhabited the region but all disappeared in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Colonial history

Territorial period

In 1863, Arizona was split off from the Territory of New Mexico to form the Arizona Territory, existing from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912. It was created from the western half of the New Mexico Territory during the American Civil War.

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