Scheduled MonumentsWalesSimon's Castle
Medieval · Motte and Bailey

Simon's Castle

Wales
Cadw SAM MG207
Period
Medieval
Site type
Motte and Bailey
Broad class
Defence
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM MG207
Authority
Cadw
Designated
1983-05-05
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Simon's Castle is a medieval motte and bailey castle sited in Wales on bedrock of Ordovician mafic tuff, an ancient extrusive rock formed during the Ordovician period. The castle comprises the characteristic two elements of motte-and-bailey design: a steep-sided earthen mound crowned with timber or stone fortifications, and an adjacent bailey or outer defensive enclosure. This type of fortification was favoured by Norman and post-Conquest lords as a swift means of establishing control across newly acquired territories.

The geological foundation of Ordovician tuff would have presented both advantages and challenges to the castle's builders. The hard volcanic rock would have provided stable ground for the earthwork's construction, though extracting stone for any masonry elements would have required significant labour. The uneven terrain typical of areas with exposed Ordovician geology may have influenced the motte's positioning and the layout of the surrounding defences.

Simon's Castle is protected as a scheduled monument by Cadw, the Welsh Historic Monuments service, under reference MG207. The site represents an important survival of medieval military architecture and continues to be a significant record of post-Conquest settlement and lordship in Wales, preserving evidence of the strategies by which Norman and Anglo-Norman landholders sought to consolidate their holdings through strategic fortification.

Simon's Castle is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference MG207. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Simon's Castle?

Simon's Castle is a medieval motte and bailey castle sited in Wales on bedrock of Ordovician mafic tuff, an ancient extrusive rock formed during the Ordovician period. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference MG207.

What period does Simon's Castle date from?

Simon's Castle dates from the medieval period, and is classified as a motte and bailey. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Simon's Castle?

Simon's Castle is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is MG207.

What other scheduled monuments are near Simon's Castle?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Small enclosed settlement in Knuck Wood (6.6 km), Small enclosed Iron Age or Romano-British settlement and adjacent cultivation remains, 450m north west of Cwm Farm (7.7 km), Offa's Dyke: section 400m east of Cwm Farm (7.9 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about Simon's Castle

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Simon's Castle's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Simon's Castle

Simon's Castle stands on Unnamed Extrusive Rocks, Ordovician, bedrock that formed in the Ordovician. The rock here is mafic tuff.