Roman · Marching Camp

Y Pigwyn

Breconshire, Wales
Cadw SAM BR003
Period
Roman
Site type
Marching Camp
Broad class
Defence
Nation
Wales
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Y Pigwyn is a Roman marching camp located in Wales and protected by Cadw under reference BR003. The site occupies ground underlain by Ludlow Rocks, a formation of mudstone, siltstone and sandstone deposited during the Ludlow period. This geological foundation would have presented particular challenges for the construction of the temporary fortification, as the mixed lithology and clay-rich mudstones offer neither stable drainage nor solid bedrock for defensive earthworks.

Marching camps served as temporary bases for Roman military columns on campaign, typically occupied for only a few nights. Such camps followed a standardised rectangular plan with defensive ditches and ramparts, though their precise arrangement varied according to local topography and the size of the force they accommodated. The camp at Y Pigwyn represents one of many such installations constructed during Rome's military operations across Wales.

The survival of earthwork evidence at Y Pigwyn reflects both the scale of Roman military engineering and the resilience of the site's landscape. The underlying Ludlow geology, though challenging for rapid construction, may have contributed to preserving the camp's ground plan where the combination of soil composition and drainage patterns has protected the ditches and banks from complete erosion over nearly two millennia.

Y Pigwyn is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference BR003. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Y Pigwyn?

Y Pigwyn is a Roman marching camp located in Wales and protected by Cadw under reference BR003.

What period does Y Pigwyn date from?

Y Pigwyn dates from the roman period, and is classified as a marching camp. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Y Pigwyn?

Y Pigwyn is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is BR003.

What other scheduled monuments are near Y Pigwyn?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Garn Las ring cairn (6.2 km), Garn Las platform cairn (6.4 km), Stone Setting on Waun Llwyd (7.1 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Y Pigwyn

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Y Pigwyn's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
First month just £4.99, then £9.99 a month. Unlimited locations, cancel anytime.

Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

Start your Y Pigwyn report
Or see a real report first
The ground beneath

The bedrock under Y Pigwyn

Y Pigwyn stands on Ludlow Rocks (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Ludlow. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone and sandstone.