US ResearchConflictsIndian Wars and Frontier ConflictsTulsa Race Massacre
Indian Wars and Frontier Conflicts

Tulsa Race Massacre

1921
Oklahoma
Era
Indian Wars and Frontier Conflicts
Year
1921
Location
Oklahoma
Status
Historical record
The Combatants

Who Fought

Defeated
Greenwood District residents
Forces
Black Greenwood District residents
VS
Victor
White rioters (short-term)
Forces
White mobs (some deputized by city), Oklahoma National Guard
Outcome
White rioters successfully destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the Greenwood District and displaced thousands of black residents, though the article provides no details on military surrender or formal conclusion. The massacre resulted in mass casualties, hospitalizations, and the internment of approximately 6,000 black residents.
The Battle

History & Significance

The Tulsa race massacre was a two-day terrorist attack perpetrated by white supremacists against the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma, between May 31 and June 1, 1921. The massacre targeted one of the wealthiest black communities in the United States at the time, colloquially known as "Black Wall Street." Mobs of white residents, some of whom had been armed and appointed as deputies by city government officials, attacked black residents and their homes and businesses, reflecting the severe racial tensions and violence that characterized the period.

During the massacre, white attackers burned and destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the Greenwood neighborhood in a coordinated campaign of destruction. The article notes that the massacre began during Memorial Day, though specific details about commanders, key tactical moments, or the precise sequence of events are not provided in the source material.

The immediate outcome of the massacre was devastating for the black community. More than 800 people were admitted to hospitals, and as many as 6,000 black residents of Tulsa were interned, many for several days. The Oklahoma Bureau of Vital Statistics officially recorded 36 deaths, though a 2001 examination by the Tulsa Reparations Coalition identified 39 people dead based on contemporary autopsy reports and death certificates, with commission estimates ranging from 39 to around 300 people. The event is considered one of the worst incidents of racial violence in American history, leaving a profound and lasting impact on the black community and the nation.

Casualties & Losses

Official recorded deaths: 36 people (Oklahoma Bureau of Vital Statistics); 2001 Tulsa Reparations Coalition examination: 39 people dead (26 black and 13 white), with estimates ranging from 39 to around 300 people dead; more than 800 people admitted to hospitals

Questions & Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

When did Tulsa Race Massacre take place?
Tulsa Race Massacre took place in 1921.
Where was Tulsa Race Massacre fought?
Tulsa Race Massacre was fought in Oklahoma, United States.
What was the outcome of Tulsa Race Massacre?
White rioters successfully destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the Greenwood District and displaced thousands of black residents, though the article provides no details on military surrender or formal conclusion. The massacre resulted in mass casualties, hospitalizations, and the internment of approximately 6,000 black residents.
What was the significance of Tulsa Race Massacre?
The Tulsa race massacre was a two-day terrorist attack perpetrated by white supremacists against the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma, between May 31 and June 1, 1921. The massacre targeted one of the wealthiest black communities in the United States at the time, colloquially known as "Black Wa
Protected heritage nearby

Historic Sites near Tulsa Race Massacre

Mount Zion Baptist Church
Industrial · 0.1 mi
Pioneer Plaza
Civil War · 0.2 mi
More from this era

Other Indian Wars and Frontier Conflicts Engagements

Oklahoma City Bombing 1995
1995
Oklahoma
Charge up Kettle Hill
1898
Cuba
Spanish-American War — Puerto Rico
1898
PR
Battle of Santiago de Cuba (Naval)
1898
Cuba
Battle of Guayama
1898
PR
Battle of Las Guasimas
1898
Cuba
Siege of Santiago
1898
Cuba
Battle of Ponce — Puerto Rico
1898
PR
Battle of Yauco (Puerto Rico)
1898
PR
Battle of Coamo — Puerto Rico
1898
PR
Battle of El Caney
1898
Cuba
All battles in Oklahoma
Source

Content adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Aubrey Research

Explore the history around Oklahoma

Aubrey generates in-depth historical research for any location in the US, drawing on NRHP records, battlefield archives, census history and geological data to tell the full story of a place.

Research a location near OklahomaView a free sample report
All Indian Wars and Frontier Conflicts Battles