US Researchโ€บConflictsโ€บCivil Warโ€บTennesseeโ€บMemphis
Civil War

Memphis

1864
Tennessee
Era
Civil War
Year
1864
Location
Tennessee
Status
Historical record
Part ofWestern Theater โ€บThe Civil War โ€บ
The Battle

History & Significance

Memphis was a Civil War engagement fought in Tennessee, 1864. It was a Confederate victory.

At 4:00 am on the morning of August 21, 1864, Maj. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest made a daring raid on Union-held Memphis, Tennessee, but it was not an attempt to capture the city, occupied by 6,000 Federal troops. The raid had three objectives: to capture three Union generals posted there; to release Southern prisoners from Irving Block Prison; and to cause the recall of Union forces from Northern Mississippi. Striking northwestward for Memphis with 2,000 cavalry, Forrest lost about a quarter of his strength because of exhausted horses. Surprise was essential. Taking advantage of a thick dawn fog and claiming to be a Union patrol returning with prisoners, the Confederates eliminated the sentries. Galloping through the streets and exchanging shots with other Union troops, the raiders split to pursue separate missions. One Union general was not at his quarters and another escaped to Fort Pickering dressed in his night-shirt. The attack on Irving Block Prison also failed when Union troops stalled the main body at the State Female College. After two hours, Forrest decided to withdraw, cutting telegraph wires, taking 500 prisoners and large quantities of supplies, including many horses. Although Forrest failed in Memphis, his raid influenced Union forces to return there, from northern Mississippi, and provide protection.

Result
Confederate victory
Forces engaged
Troops stationed at Memphis [US]; Forrest's Cavalry (approx. 400) [CS]
Casualties
194 total (US 160; CS 34)
Around this battlefield

Nearby Civil War engagements

Expedition (Sturgis') from Memphis into Mississippi
1864 ยท 2 mi away
Expedition from Memphis into S. E. Arkansas and N. E. Louisiana
1865 ยท 2 mi away
Expedition from Memphis against Guerrillas
1863 ยท 2 mi away
Expedition from Memphis into Northern Mississippi
1865 ยท 2 mi away
Skirmish near Wolf River
1862 ยท 4 mi away
Scout from Memphis
1863 ยท 6 mi away
Expedition (Sherman's) from Memphis to Yazoo River and operations against Vicksburg, Miss.
1862 ยท 6 mi away
Expedition from Memphis to Coldwater, Miss.
1863 ยท 6 mi away
Expedition from Memphis to Grenada, Miss.
1863 ยท 6 mi away
Scout from Memphis to Hernando, Miss
1863 ยท 6 mi away
Expedition from Memphis to Wyatts, Miss.
1864 ยท 6 mi away
Expedition (Sturgis') from Memphis to Ripley, Miss.
1864 ยท 6 mi away
Skirmish, Memphis
1864 ยท 6 mi away
Skirmish, Memphis
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Skirmish, Memphis
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Questions & Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

When did Memphis take place?
Memphis took place in 1864.
Where was Memphis fought?
Memphis was fought in Tennessee, United States.
What was the significance of Memphis?
At 4:00 am on the morning of August 21, 1864, Maj. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest made a daring raid on Union-held Memphis, Tennessee, but it was not an attempt to capture the city, occupied by 6,000 Federal troops. The raid had three objectives: to capture three Union generals posted there; to release
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Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
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Spotlight
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Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
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Protected heritage nearby

Historic Sites near Memphis

First Colored Baptist Church
Industrial ยท 0.7 mi
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Source

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