Articles of Confederation Take Effect

The Articles of Confederation took effect on March 1, 1781, with Maryland's ratification. Maryland had been the last hold-out, refusing to ratify until Virginia and New York agreed to rescind their claims to lands in what became the Northwest Territory.

When this happened

Articles of Confederation Take Effect occurred in March 1, 1781, during the revolutionary era period of American history.

Where this happened

Articles of Confederation Take Effect took place in Maryland. Explore the full history of Maryland and primary source records from this era.

The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) grew from colonial resistance to British taxation without parliamentary representation — a dispute that radicalized through the Stamp Act (1765), the Townshend Acts (1767), and the Boston Massacre (1770). Fighting began at Lexington and Concord in April 1775; the Continental Congress declared independence on July 4, 1776. The Continental Army under George Washington faced severe shortages of supplies and troops, enduring the brutal winter at Valley Forge (1777–1778) before French alliance and French financing turned the military balance. Major engagements included Bunker Hill (1775), Trenton (1776), Saratoga (1777) — which secured French intervention — and Yorktown (1781), where British General Cornwallis surrendered to Washington. An estimated 25,000 American soldiers died in service, from combat, disease, and captivity. The Treaty of Paris (1783) recognized American independence and ceded British territory east of the Mississippi, though it left unresolved questions about Indigenous land rights and the status of Loyalists.

Content adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Source: Wikipedia: Declaration of Independence.