National Register of Historic Places

Brow Monument

Big Springs, Coconino County, Arizona
Listed
July 12, 1987
Type
Object
Period
Listed
Ref No.
87001159

About this property

The Brow Monument is a monument listed in the National Register of Historic Places for Coconino County, Arizona, United States, located in the Kaibab National Forest. The site contains one of the few remaining survey markers used by the expedition of John Wesley Powell in 1872 It is accessible via the Brow Monument Trail. The Brow Monument is listed in the National Register of Historic Places for Coconino County, Arizona. It is located on the "brow" of the North Kaibab Plateau in northern Arizona within the jurisdiction of the Kaibab National Forest. The National Register designation is to memorialize the John Wesley Powell surveying expedition of 1872. The site consists of one of the few remaining triangulation survey markers that were laid down by Powell's party. They were a key component in being able to calculate distances and topography in the early West by using a baseline and these triangulation points. The baseline for this survey was first laid out near the present-day towns of Fredonia, Arizona, and Kanab, Utah, some 30 miles north of the Brow marker. The survey markers were and continue to this day to also be referred to as "monuments", thus the term "Brow Monument" both defines the physical marker and represents a memorial for the expedition. The surveying expedition commenced in February 1872 from Kanab, Utah and its base was at the Big Springs, Arizona homestead of Levi Stewart, a pioneer farmer. The first marker at what is today Brow Monument was set at this time. The original markers for this and other surveying expeditions were usually a large pyramid of stones, sometimes a blazed tree, a marked rock, or stacked or cribbed logs, with a red-and-white flag high above to facilitate telescope readings from considerable distances. Combined with information from barometric readings which established elevation above sea level, topographic maps could be drawn. The survey was completed in August of that year. In 1878, G. K. Gilbert, a member of the original surveying team, returned to the area to structurally improve the marker by constructing a wooden crib to support it. The measurements for the marker were remarkably accurate considering the technology of the time and the rough terrain in which the survey was conducted. In 1933, a new monument was erected approximately 300 feet uphill from the original site by the U.S. Geological Survey. This new monument is now the official marker to be used in surveying. There is a brass cap survey marker at this new location. The original marker remains undisturbed except for the addition of a memorial plaque.

Location

Big Springs, Coconino County, Arizona
36.59089, -112.39920

Categories

EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENTPOLITICS/GOVERNMENT
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Brow Monument

This page lists Brow Monument. A full Aubrey report for an address near it pulls together this listing alongside battlefield records, land patents, and every other historical record within a chosen radius:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
First month just $5.99, then $11.99 a month. Unlimited locations, cancel anytime.

Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

Start your Brow Monument report
Or see a real report first

Nearby Historic Sites

Little Mountain Lookout Tree
Industrial
2.2 mi
Big Springs Ranger Station
Industrial
2.8 mi
Big Springs Lookout Tower
Industrial
3.6 mi
Corral Lake Lookout Tree
Industrial
7.4 mi
Fracas Lookout Tree
Industrial
8.6 mi

Questions about this property

When was Brow Monument listed on the National Register?

Brow Monument was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 12, 1987.

What type of historic resource is Brow Monument?

Brow Monument is classified as a object in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Brow Monument?

The period of significance for Brow Monument is recorded as the listed era.

Can I research the history near Brow Monument?

Yes. Aubrey Research reports search National Register listings, battlefield records, land patents, and other primary historical sources within any radius of a US address. A report for an address near Brow Monument will include this listing and all other historical records in the area.

More in Coconino County

Historic places, battles, and census history across Coconino County.

Explore CoconinoCounty ›

More historic places in Arizona

Browse all historic places in Arizona.

View Arizonahistoric sites ›

Conflict records

Explore 19,000+ military engagements across American history.

Browse US conflicts ›

Arizona history

Colonial settlement, territorial period, and statehood narrative.

Arizonahistory ›

Research the history near this site

An Aubrey US report for an address near Brow Monument will include this listing alongside battlefield records and other historical sources within your chosen radius.

Research your locationView a free sample report