National Register of Historic Places

Ashley, Col. John, House

Sheffield, Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Listed
February 10, 1975
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
75001915

About this property

The Colonel John Ashley House is a historic house museum at 117 Cooper Hill Road in Sheffield, Massachusetts. Built in 1735 by a prominent local enslaver, it is one of the oldest houses in southern Berkshire County. The museum is owned and operated by The Trustees of Reservations, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Ashley House stands in a rural area of central southern Sheffield, on the south side of Cooper Hill Road, west of the village of Ashley Falls. The house stands on 35 acres (14 ha) historically associated with it but is not on its original site, having been moved 3/10 of a mile in 1930 to improve its siting relative to the road and related outbuildings. The property is adjacent to Bartholomew's Cobble, a nature preserve also owned by The Trustees of Reservations. The house is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure with a side-gable roof and central chimney. A 2+1⁄2-story cross-gabled ell extends to the rear, with a chimney. The exterior is finished with wooden clapboards. The main facade is five bays wide, with an elaborate central doorway surround. Pilasters rise to a wide entablature capped by a broken pediment. The house is typical of early 18th-century rural American architecture, with furnishings and items dating from the 18th and early 19th centuries. It is open for tours on weekends from Memorial Day through Columbus Day. The house was built in 1735 by John Ashley (1709-1802), who moved to the area from Westfield. The house timbers were sawn using the first sawmill known to have been built in Berkshire County. Ashley was a leading citizen of the area, heading the local militia during the French and Indian War. In 1773, the Sheffield Declaration, a petition against British policies and manifesto for individual rights, was drafted in the upstairs study of the house. By the American Revolutionary War, Ashley was too old to participate militarily, but he was instrumental in developing the iron industry in nearby Salisbury, Connecticut for the war effort. In 1781, Elizabeth "Mum Bett" Freeman, a woman enslaved by the Ashley household, won her freedom under the new state constitution through a celebrated 1781 state court battle that marked the end of slavery in the state. National Register of Historic Places listings in Berkshire County, Massachusetts Luey, Beth (2019). "'One Minute's Freedom': The Colonel John Ashley House, Sheffield". At Home: Historic Houses of Central and Western Massachusetts. Bright Leaf. ISBN 9781625344656.

Location

Sheffield, Berkshire County, Massachusetts
42.05945, -73.35594

Categories

MILITARYPOLITICS/GOVERNMENTARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Ashley, Col. John, House (Boundary Increase)
Listed
0.2 mi
Sheffield Center Historic District
Listed
3.4 mi
Sheffield Plain Historic District
Listed
4.2 mi
Old Covered Bridge
Industrial
4.5 mi
Mill River Historic District
Industrial
6 mi

Questions about this property

When was Ashley, Col. John, House listed on the National Register?

Ashley, Col. John, House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 10, 1975.

What type of historic resource is Ashley, Col. John, House?

Ashley, Col. John, House is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Ashley, Col. John, House?

The period of significance for Ashley, Col. John, House is recorded as the industrial era.

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