National Register of Historic Places

Great Stone Dam

Lawrence, Essex County, Massachusetts
Listed
April 12, 1977
Type
Structure
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
77000184

About this property

The Great Stone Dam, also called the Lawrence Dam or Lawrence Great Dam, was built between 1845 and 1848 on the site of Bodwell's Falls on the Merrimack River in what became Lawrence, Massachusetts. The dam has a length of 900 feet (270 m) and a height of 35 feet (11 m). Lawrence is in Essex County, Massachusetts, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of Boston and only a few miles south of the New Hampshire border (Salem), located in the Merrimack Valley. The dam is 11 miles (18 km) downstream from Lowell and is visible from Route 28 (Broadway) in Lawrence and from behind the Pacific Paper Mill (now defunct). The dam feeds two canals (North, re-built in 1848, and South, completed in 1896). At their peak, the North Canal provided up to 13,000 horsepower and the South Canal 2,000 horsepower; the Essex Company sold "mill rights" to its water power, allowing mills to use the energy provided. The North Canal existed before the dam, but was redeveloped both to better feed the mills and to accommodate the 30-foot (9.1 m) drop caused by the dam. About a mile in length, the canal had a guard lock and three lift locks with mitered gates. The locks were abandoned in the 1960s. Today the dam is the site of a hydroelectric plant, completed in 1981, which is owned by Central Rivers Power USA (now parent company of the Essex Company, which still owns the dam) and the Lawrence Hydroelectric Associates.

Location

Lawrence, Essex County, Massachusetts
42.70097, -71.16612

Categories

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National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

American Woolen Mill Housing District
Industrial
0.4 mi
Gleason Building
Industrial
0.5 mi
North Canal Historic District (Boundary Increase)
Listed
0.5 mi
North Canal Historic District
Listed
0.5 mi
Saunders, Daniel, School
Industrial
0.5 mi

Questions about this property

When was Great Stone Dam listed on the National Register?

Great Stone Dam was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 12, 1977.

What type of historic resource is Great Stone Dam?

Great Stone Dam is classified as a structure in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Great Stone Dam?

The period of significance for Great Stone Dam is recorded as the industrial era.

Can I research the history near Great Stone Dam?

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