National Historic Landmark

Great Northern Railway Buildings

Glacier National Park, Flathead County, Montana
Listed
May 27, 1987
Type
District
Period
Listed
Ref No.
87001453

About this property

Four of these complexes were declared a discontiguous National Historic Landmark District in 1987, notable as the largest such concentration of Swiss chalet architecture in the country. In May 2000, the designation was amended to include the Belton Chalets, which differs from the other buildings in being located just outside the park. Glacier National Park was founded in 1910. Its creation received significant support from the Great Northern Railway, which passed just south of the park, and which stood to benefit from increased tourist traffic on its line, following similar railroad-related developments at Grand Canyon National Park and Yellowstone National Park. In order to present a unified yet flexible tourist experience, the railroad partnered with the National Park Service to provide infrastructure both inside and outside the park to serve a variety of tourist needs. The services the Great Northern sought to offer ranged from elegant hotel accommodations to a rustic and somewhat rough backcountry experience. Their buildings were unified by the use of a single architectural style, the Swiss chalet, which railroad president Louis W. Hill adopted from the European mountain experience. Granite Park Chalet and Sperry Chalet, built in 1914, are examples of backcountry accommodations built by the railroad. The Many Glacier Hotel, completed in 1915, was the centerpiece, a large and grand hotel with elegant amenities. The Two Medicine General Store is a surviving remnant of a mid-sized lakeside hotel built on the shores of Two Medicine Lake; one of its two rustic log chalet structures has been demolished, and the other now serves as a general store. The Great Northern also built service areas just outside the boundaries of the park. The Belton Chalets, built in 1910-11, were among the first buildings the company built for this effort, and were located at what was then the main station for accessing the park. The Glacier Park Lodge was built in 1913 to serve visitors approaching from the east. When the National Historic Landmark District was designated in 1987, it was restricted to properties located in the park bounds. The National Park Service at the time noted the significance of the Belton Chalets and the Glacier Park Lodge, recommending that they be analyzed for inclusion in the landmark designation, since they appeared to be eligible. As a result, the Belton Chalets were included in a 2000 amendment; the owners of the Glacier Park Lodge declined participation. National Register of Historic Places listings in Flathead County, Montana National Register of Historic Places listings in Glacier County, Montana

Location

Glacier National Park, Flathead County, Montana
48.69172, -113.59447

Categories

ENTERTAINMENT/RECREATIONARCHITECTURE
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Sun Camp Fireguard Cabin
Industrial
0.5 mi
Roes Creek Campground Camptender's Cabin
Industrial
3.3 mi
Rising Sun Auto Camp
Listed
3.5 mi
Glacier National Park Tourist Trails-Inside Trail, South Circle, North Circle
Listed
4.4 mi
Logan Pass Visitor Center
Modern
5.7 mi

Questions about this property

When was Great Northern Railway Buildings listed on the National Register?

Great Northern Railway Buildings was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 27, 1987.

What type of historic resource is Great Northern Railway Buildings?

Great Northern Railway Buildings is classified as a district in the National Register of Historic Places.

Is Great Northern Railway Buildings a National Historic Landmark?

Yes. Great Northern Railway Buildings has been designated a National Historic Landmark (NHL), the highest level of federal recognition for historic properties in the United States.

What is the period of significance for Great Northern Railway Buildings?

The period of significance for Great Northern Railway Buildings is recorded as the listed era.

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