National Register of Historic Places

Montana State Capitol Building

Helena, Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Listed
February 17, 1981
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
81000660

About this property

The Montana State Capitol is the state capitol of the U.S. state of Montana that houses the Montana State Legislature which is located in the state capital of Helena at 1301 East Sixth Avenue. The building was constructed between 1896 and 1902 with wing-annexes added between 1909 and 1912. A design competition for the building was conducted in 1896. The commission selected a design by George R. Mann as the winner. In 1897, after it was found that the Commission was planning to scam money from the building project, it was disbanded and a second Capitol Commission was convened. The new Commission abandoned Mann's plan as being too costly, and had a second design competition, won by Charles Emlen Bell and John Hackett Kent, of Bell & Kent of Council Bluffs, Iowa. In order to have their design built, Bell & Kent relocated their office to Helena. While Mann's building was never built in Montana, it was selected later as the basic design for the Arkansas State Capitol. The winning design by Bell & Kent had been altered already during the construction phase, when in 1901 the commission asked for the structure to be made more imposing by increasing the height of the dome. Kent opposed the changes, as his original low spherical dome was meant to be "pure Greek", but Bell advocated the commission's request. Between 1909 and 1912, the building was extended by the addition of two new wings on the eastern and western sides. This work was executed by Link & Haire, architects of Butte, with F. M. Andrews & Company of New York as consulting architects. The building, constructed of Montana sandstone and granite, is in Greek neoclassical architectural style, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The exterior of the dome is covered with copper. Atop the dome is a feminine statue affectionately dubbed Montana. The Montana statue, formerly known as Lady Liberty sits atop the Capitol dome. The most notable feature inside the center of the Capitol building is the massive rotunda, with four circular paintings surrounding it. These paintings, painted for the Capitol opening in 1902 by the firm of F. Pedretti's Sons, depict four important archetypes of people of Montana's early history: a Native American (intended to be of Chief Charlo), an explorer and fur trapper (Jim Bridger), a gold miner (Henry Finnis Edgar, one of the discoverers of gold at Alder Gulch), and a cowboy (unidentified, but said to be inspired by the works of C.M. Russell). The Pendretti brothers provided additional commissioned artwork in the Senate and Old Supreme Court Chambers. The southern arch of the rotunda features the semi-elliptical painting Driving The Golden Spike, painted by Amédée Joullin. The former State Law Library, now a set of committee rooms, features ten Montana landscapes created by Ralph E. DeCamp. The House of Representatives Lobby features six scenes depicting significant events in early Montana history by Edgar S. Paxson.

Location

Helena, Lewis and Clark County, Montana
46.58602, -112.02014

Categories

POLITICS/GOVERNMENTARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Montana State Capitol Campus Historic District
Listed
0 mi
Unemployment Compensation Commission Building
Colonial
0.1 mi
Armitage, Joshua and Martha, House
Industrial
0.1 mi
Montana Veterans and Pioneers Memorial Building
Modern
0.2 mi
Crump-Howard House
Industrial
0.2 mi

Questions about this property

When was Montana State Capitol Building listed on the National Register?

Montana State Capitol Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 17, 1981.

What type of historic resource is Montana State Capitol Building?

Montana State Capitol Building is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Montana State Capitol Building?

The period of significance for Montana State Capitol Building is recorded as the industrial era.

Can I research the history near Montana State Capitol Building?

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