National Historic Landmark

Wagon Mound

Wagon Mound, Mora County, New Mexico
Listed
October 14, 1966
Type
Site
Period
Pre Contact
Ref No.
66000478

About this property

The Wagon Mound is a butte that was a major landmark for pioneers along the Cimarron Cutoff of the Old Santa Fe Trail, a well-known settlement route connecting St. Louis, Missouri and Santa Fe, New Mexico. It is located just east of Wagon Mound, New Mexico, a village named after the butte. The butte is a designated National Historic Landmark, along with Santa Clara Canyon, a site just northwest of the village where travelers on the trail frequently camped and took on water. Wagon Mound is a roughly lozenge-shaped mesa with its highest point at about 6,930 feet (2,110 m). New Mexico State Road 120 runs eastward from the village of Wagon Mound to the north of the mesa, while New Mexico State Road 271 runs southeasterly from the village to its south and west. The village is located directly west of the mesa, with two small mesas, known as the Pilot Knobs, to its west. Wagon Mound is readily visible from the Rabbit Ears, the major landmark further east on the trail. Wagon Mound was an important landmark on the Cimarron Cutoff branch of the Santa Fe Trail for several reasons. First, it was the last major landmark before reaching Santa Fe, signaling the approaching end of the journey to westbound travelers. Second, the Santa Clara Canyon, located about 2 miles (3.2 km) to the northwest, had a spring that was a reliable source of water in the desert environment. It also served as a cautionary point, because the topography of Santa Clara Canyon made groups camping there vulnerable to attacks by Native Americans protecting their land from these new settlers, with one notably large attack, the Wagon Mound massacre, occurring in 1850. The route was heavily used between about 1822 and the American Civil War. Usage declined with the advent of the railroad (which followed the Santa Fe Trail route in this area) in the 1870s. National Register of Historic Places listings in Mora County, New Mexico

Location

Wagon Mound, Mora County, New Mexico
36.01729, -104.70875

Categories

COMMERCEMILITARYTRANSPORTATIONEXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Overview
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The Land
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Geology
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Conflict & War
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The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
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Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
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Nearby Historic Sites

Santa Clara Hotel
Industrial
0.6 mi
Ocate Creek Crossing and the Santa Fe Trail-Mora County Trail Segments
Listed
14.2 mi
Fort Union National Monument
Modern
19.1 mi
Tipton-Black Willow Ranch Historic District
Listed
19.7 mi
Strong, J. P., Store
Industrial
21.9 mi

Nearby Battles

Battle of Mora
1847Mexican-American War
12.6 mi

Questions about this property

When was Wagon Mound listed on the National Register?

Wagon Mound was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1966.

What type of historic resource is Wagon Mound?

Wagon Mound is classified as a site in the National Register of Historic Places.

Is Wagon Mound a National Historic Landmark?

Yes. Wagon Mound has been designated a National Historic Landmark (NHL), the highest level of federal recognition for historic properties in the United States.

What is the period of significance for Wagon Mound?

The period of significance for Wagon Mound is recorded as the pre_contact era.

Can I research the history near Wagon Mound?

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