National Register of Historic Places

Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters

New York, New York County, New York
Listed
December 19, 1978
Type
District
Period
Early Republic
Ref No.
78001870

About this property

Fort Tryon Park is a public park located in the Washington Heights and Inwood neighborhoods of the borough of Manhattan in New York City. The 67-acre (27 ha) park is situated on a ridge in Upper Manhattan, close to the Hudson River to the west. It extends mostly from 192nd Street in the south to Riverside Drive in the north, and from Broadway in the east to the Henry Hudson Parkway in the west. The main entrance to the park is at Margaret Corbin Circle, at the intersection of Fort Washington Avenue and Cabrini Boulevard. The area was known by the local Lenape tribe as Chquaesgeck and by Dutch settlers as Lange Bergh (Long Hill). During the American Revolutionary War, the Battle of Fort Washington was fought at the site of the park on November 16, 1776. The area remained sparsely populated during the 19th century, but by the turn of the 20th century, it was the location of large country estates. Beginning in January 1917, philanthropist John D. Rockefeller Jr. bought up the Tryon Hall estate of Chicago industrialist C. K. G. Billings and several others to create Fort Tryon Park. He engaged the Olmsted Brothers firm to design the park and hired James W. Dawson to create the planting plan. Rockefeller gave the land to the city in 1931, after two prior attempts to do so were unsuccessful, and the park was completed in 1935. Rockefeller also bought sculptor George Gray Barnard's collection of medieval art and gave it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which from 1935 to 1939 built the Cloisters in Fort Tryon Park to house the collection. The park is built on a high formation of Manhattan schist with igneous intrusions and glacial striations from the last ice age. The park's design included extensive plantings of various flora in the park's many gardens, including the Heather Garden, which was restored in the 1980s. Besides the gardens and the Cloisters, the park has extensive walking paths and meadows, with views of the Hudson and Harlem Rivers. Fort Tryon Park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1978, and was designated a New York City scenic landmark in 1983.

Location

New York, New York County, New York
40.86051, -73.93269

Categories

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTUREARTCONSERVATIONMILITARYEDUCATIONARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

190th Street Subway Station (IND)
Industrial
0.1 mi
Substation 17
Industrial
0.3 mi
Dyckman Street Subway Station (IRT)
Industrial
0.4 mi
Hudson View Gardens
Listed
0.6 mi
US Post Office-Inwood Station
Industrial
0.6 mi

Nearby Battles

Battle of Edgar's Lane
1778Revolutionary War
0.5 mi
Fall of Fort Washington
1776Revolutionary War
0.6 mi
Battle of Fort Washington
1776Revolutionary War
0.7 mi
Fall of Fort Washington (1776)
1776Revolutionary War
0.7 mi
Fort Lee Evacuation
1776Revolutionary War
1.3 mi

Questions about this property

When was Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters listed on the National Register?

Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1978.

What type of historic resource is Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters?

Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters is classified as a district in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters?

The period of significance for Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters is recorded as the early_republic era.

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