National Register of Historic Places

Fulton County Jail

Johnstown, Fulton County, New York
Listed
October 18, 1981
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
81000404

About this property

The Fulton County Jail, originally the Tryon County Jail, is a historic jail complex located at the corner of Perry and Montgomery Street in Johnstown, Fulton County, New York. The original section was built in 1772-1773 and was placed on the village's highest ground to give a defensive advantage in case of an attack by Native Americans or a war. At the time, it was thought to be one of the strongest defensive positions in colonial America, due to its placement and the thick wall, which would deflect everything but the very strongest artillery. During the Revolutionary War, it became Fort Johnstown, a military garrison and prison, with the intent of preventing enemy infiltration along the Sacandaga road. A palisade was built to surround it, with four lookout towers at the corners. It was inspected by Lafayette in 1778. In 1781, the fort was the base for 400 militiamen led by Col. Marinus Willet and Capt. John Littel, who harried a British force of 700 Loyalists and Native Americans who were retreating after burning land in the Mohawk Valley. In 1783, the fort was visited by George Washington on his tour of the Mohawk Valley. The original building is a simple five bays wide, two bays deep, stone building with a medium pitched gable roof. The complex consists of the original jail with additions to form a two-story, L-shaped building with a large brick wing attached to the original section and a smaller brick wing to the west. The small brick wing dates to about 1890. The larger wing, known as the sheriff's quarters, is a two-story, square block with a hipped roof in the Colonial Revival style. The last hanging to occur on the property was Elizabeth Van Valkenburgh on January 24, 1846. Ms. Van Valkenburgh poisoned her husband's rum with arsenic, who was an alcoholic and was violent towards her and their children from time to time. The building was an active jail until the 1970s. Fulton County Personnel and Planning Departments are currently housed within the building. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.

Location

Johnstown, Fulton County, New York
43.00303, -74.37068

Categories

POLITICS/GOVERNMENTARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Native Heritage
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Nearby Historic Sites

Chamberlain, Benjamin, House
Industrial
0.1 mi
Knox Mansion
Industrial
0.2 mi
St. John's Episcopal Church
Industrial
0.3 mi
US Post Office-Johnstown
Industrial
0.3 mi
Fulton County Courthouse
Colonial
0.3 mi

Nearby Battles

Skirmish at Johnstown (1781)
1781Revolutionary War
0.1 mi
Battle of Johnstown (1781)
1781Revolutionary War
0.2 mi
Battle of Johnstown
1781Revolutionary War
0.4 mi
Battle of Klock's Field
1780Revolutionary War
3.4 mi

Questions about this property

When was Fulton County Jail listed on the National Register?

Fulton County Jail was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 18, 1981.

What type of historic resource is Fulton County Jail?

Fulton County Jail is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Fulton County Jail?

The period of significance for Fulton County Jail is recorded as the industrial era.

Can I research the history near Fulton County Jail?

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