National Register of Historic Places

Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well

Drumright, Creek County, Oklahoma
Listed
March 14, 1983
Type
Site
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
83002083

About this property

The Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well was the first well drilled in the Drumright-Cushing Oil Field of northeast Oklahoma, near Drumright. The success of the well, drilled in 1912 by Thomas Baker Slick, Sr., led to the development of the Cushing field and gave impetus to the early development of Oklahoma oilfields. The Drumright-Cushing field would go on to produce 310,000 barrels of oil a day at its peak in May 1917. The well made Slick's name as "King of the Wildcatters". The well was financed by Charles B. Shaffer of Chicago, who hired Slick to drill wells at the Frank Wheeler farm using cable tool drilling techniques, which could not prevent gushers or blowouts. Three unsuccessful wells preceded the strike, which initially produced 400 barrels of high-grade oil a day from a depth of between 2,319 feet (707 m) and 2,347 feet (715 m). Because no mechanism existed to control the flow, the oil was diverted into pits for collection and storage. The source of the oil was a sand zone in the Drumright Dome, a syncline. Slick attempted to keep the strike secret, hiring armed guards, but eventually revealed the well's success in April 1912. A dugout built for the guards remains on the site, together with a commemorative plaque. In time, the well's pressure subsided, requiring that the oil be pumped out of the well. The first pump was a two-cylinder gasoline-powered pump, later replaced by an electric drive. With the reduction in pressure the well was modified for secondary recovery, using an early form of hydraulic fracturing called "sand fracturing." As of 1980 it produced about a barrel a day, pumping four hours a day. Oil came from three layers: the Layton layer at 170 feet (52 m), the Wheeler layer at 2,300 feet (700 m), and the Bartlesville layer at 2,700 feet (820 m). A 2-inch (5.1 cm) pipeline connects the well to an oil-water separating unit about 2,500 feet (760 m) away, then to storage tanks. The well is located in a small clearing about 1,000 feet (300 m) west of Drumright. The well was still producing in 2012. The Wheeler No. 1 well was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 14, 1983.

Location

Drumright, Creek County, Oklahoma
35.99954, -96.59755

Categories

INDUSTRY
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Santa Fe Depot
Industrial
0.7 mi
First United Methodist Church of Drumright
Industrial
0.8 mi
Fulkerson, J. W., House
Industrial
0.8 mi
Washington School
Industrial
0.9 mi
Drumright Gasoline Plant No. 2
Listed
1.1 mi

Nearby Battles

Battle of Chustenahlah Dec 26 1861
1861Civil War
7.5 mi
Battle of Ingalls, Ingalls OK Territory
1893Frontier
8.9 mi
Battle of Round Mountain (November 19, 1861)
1861Indian Wars
9.1 mi
Battle of Round Mountain
1861Civil War
9.4 mi

Questions about this property

When was Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well listed on the National Register?

Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 14, 1983.

What type of historic resource is Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well?

Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well is classified as a site in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well?

The period of significance for Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well is recorded as the industrial era, specifically around 1912.

Can I research the history near Wheeler No. 1 Oil Well?

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