National Register of Historic Places

Frick Building and Annex

Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Listed
May 21, 1978
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
78002336

About this property

The Frick Building is one of the major distinctive and recognizable features of Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The tower was built in 1902 by Henry Clay Frick, an industrialist coke producer who created a portfolio of commercial buildings in Pittsburgh. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Frick built the tower next to a building owned by his business partner-turned-rival Andrew Carnegie, on the site of Saint Peter Episcopal Church. Frick, who feuded with Carnegie after they split as business associates, had his tower designed to overshadow Carnegie's. At 330 feet (101 m), the Frick Building was the city's tallest when it opened on March 15, 1902. It originally had 20 floors, but a leveling of the surrounding landscape caused the basement to become the entrance in 1912, so some sources credit the building with 21 stories. Its address is 437 Grant Street, and is also accessible from Forbes and Fifth Avenues. The building's architect was Daniel H. Burnham of D.H. Burnham & Company, Chicago. Of the eleven executed designs for Pittsburgh by D.H. Burnham & Company, the Frick Building is one of only seven survivors. The top floor, which was reserved for The Union Club of Pittsburgh, includes a balcony around the perimeter of the building; a high, handcrafted ceiling; and heavy, elaborate brass door fixtures. Originally, Frick used it as his personal office and as a meeting place and social club for wealthy industrialists. On the 19th floor was Frick's personal shower. At the time, no other shower had been built that high above ground level, because water could not easily be pumped that high with the technology of the time. The shower still exists but does not work. Fittingly for a building created for a man who vowed to be a millionaire by age thirty, the lobby features an elegant stained-glass window by John LaFarge, depicting "Fortune and Her Wheel" (1902). The two bronze sentinel lions (1904) in the lobby were created by sculptor Alexander Proctor. A bust of Frick by sculptor Malvina Hoffman (1923) is displayed in the rear lobby, which extends from Forbes to Fifth Avenue. For a time, the building housed the headquarters of Old Overholt, Frick's family whiskey business, . which had sales offices around the United States.

Location

437 Grant St.
Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
40.43903, -79.99781

Categories

ARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Union Trust Building
Civil War
0.1 mi
Dollar Savings Bank
Industrial
0.1 mi
Allegheny County Courthouse and Jail
Industrial
0.1 mi
Fourth Avenue Historic District
Listed
0.1 mi
Salvation Army Building, The
Industrial
0.1 mi

Nearby Battles

Pontiac's War — Smallpox Blankets Fort Pitt
1763Colonial
0.1 mi
Forbes Expedition to Fort Duquesne
1758Colonial
0.1 mi

Questions about this property

When was Frick Building and Annex listed on the National Register?

Frick Building and Annex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 21, 1978.

What type of historic resource is Frick Building and Annex?

Frick Building and Annex is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Frick Building and Annex?

The period of significance for Frick Building and Annex is recorded as the industrial era.

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