Clarksville Iron Furnace
National Register of Historic Places

Clarksville Iron Furnace

Erwin, Unicoi County, Tennessee
Listed
June 3, 1973
Type
Site
Period
Early Republic
Ref No.
73001852

About this property

Clarksville Iron Furnace was a charcoal iron furnace in Unicoi County, Tennessee, built in 1833 and operated until 1844. Its ruins are in Cherokee National Forest and are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Clarksville Iron Furnace was built in 1833 by Edward West & Co., a business venture formed by Edward West, Elijah Embree, and Montgomery Stuart. Elijah Embree owned an iron ore deposit in Bumpass Cove and ironworks in Embreeville. The furnace was built to smelt iron ore mined in Bumpass Cove together with charcoal produced from the wood of trees cut from woodlands near the furnace. The furnace installation included a furnace stack and a bellows that was powered by a waterwheel. The site was selected because Clark's Creek could be used for water power; Bumpass Cove lacked a suitable water power source. A road was built to carry ore from Bumpass Cove, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) away on the other side of a mountain ridge. The furnace began operation in 1833 or 1834. Initially it was fairly successful, producing iron for use in making nails and wrought iron in Embree's iron works in Embreeville, as well as castings that were sold locally and material that was shipped out of the area on river flatboats. Within a few years, differences arose between the business partners. In 1837, West sold his share of the business to the other two partners, and in 1841 West and Stuart filed a lawsuit against Embree. Production ended abruptly in 1844 when the millrace that channeled water to the waterwheel failed, causing water to spill onto the furnace site. The resulting flood extinguished the fire in the furnace and chilled the material that was being smelted at the time. In order to restart the furnace, it would have been necessary to dismantle the stack and rebuild it; the owners chose to abandon the operation instead of rebuilding. The ruins of the furnace are easiest to find and observe during the winter, after the surrounding trees and shrubs have lost their leaves.

Location

Erwin, Unicoi County, Tennessee
36.14825, -82.52758

Categories

INDUSTRY
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Washington College Historic District
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5.5 mi
Salem Presbyterian Church (Additional Documentation)
Civil War
5.5 mi
Telford, Thomas, House
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6 mi
Clinchfield Depot
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6.1 mi
Brown, A.R., House
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6.1 mi

Nearby Battles

Skirmish at Jonesborough, Tennessee
1863Civil War
14.1 mi

Questions about this property

When was Clarksville Iron Furnace listed on the National Register?

Clarksville Iron Furnace was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 3, 1973.

What type of historic resource is Clarksville Iron Furnace?

Clarksville Iron Furnace is classified as a site in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Clarksville Iron Furnace?

The period of significance for Clarksville Iron Furnace is recorded as the early_republic era, specifically around 1833.

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