National Historic Landmark

Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation)

Arlington, Arlington County, Virginia
Listed
July 26, 1989
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
89000932

About this property

The Pentagon is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, in Arlington County, Virginia, across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. The building was constructed on an accelerated schedule during World War II. As a symbol of the U.S. military, the phrase The Pentagon is often used as a metonym for the Department of Defense and its leadership. The building was designed by American architect George Bergstrom and built by contractor John McShain. Ground was broken on 11 September 1941, and the building was dedicated on 15 January 1943. General Brehon Somervell provided the major impetus to gain Congressional approval for the project. Colonel Leslie Groves was responsible for overseeing the project for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which supervised it. The Pentagon is the world's second-largest office building, with about 6.5 million square feet (600,000 m2) of floor space, 3.7 million square feet (340,000 m2) of which are used as offices. It has five sides, five floors above ground, two basement levels, and five ring corridors per floor with a total of 17.5 mi (28.2 km) of corridors, with a central five-acre (2.0 ha) pentagonal plaza. About 23,000 military and civilian employees work in the Pentagon, as well as about 3,000 non-defense support personnel. In 2001, the Pentagon was damaged during the September 11 attacks. Five al-Qaeda hijackers flew American Airlines Flight 77 into the western side of the building, killing themselves and 184 other people, including 59 on the airplane and 125 in the Pentagon. It was the first significant foreign attack on federal facilities in the capital area since the Burning of Washington during the War of 1812. Following the attacks, the western side of the building was repaired, with a small indoor memorial and chapel added at the point of impact. In 2008, an outdoor memorial dedicated to the Pentagon victims of the September 11 attacks was opened directly southwest of the building.

Location

Arlington, Arlington County, Virginia
38.87172, -77.05591

Categories

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTUREENGINEERINGMILITARYARCHITECTUREPOLITICS/GOVERNMENTOTHER
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Arlington National Cemetery Historic District
Early Republic
0.9 mi
Aurora Highlands Historic District
Listed
1 mi
Hume School
Industrial
1.1 mi
Gray, Harry W., House
Industrial
1.1 mi
Arlington House Historic District
Listed
1.2 mi

Nearby Battles

September 11 Pentagon Attack
2001Modern
0 mi
September 11 Attacks — Pentagon
2001Modern
0 mi

Questions about this property

When was Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation) listed on the National Register?

Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation) was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 26, 1989.

What type of historic resource is Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation)?

Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation) is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

Is Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation) a National Historic Landmark?

Yes. Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation) has been designated a National Historic Landmark (NHL), the highest level of federal recognition for historic properties in the United States.

What is the period of significance for Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation)?

The period of significance for Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation) is recorded as the industrial era.

Can I research the history near Pentagon, The (Additional Documentation)?

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