National Register of Historic Places

Werowocomoco Archeological Site

Gloucester, Gloucester County, Virginia
Listed
March 15, 2006
Type
Site
Period
Listed
Ref No.
06000138

About this property

Werowocomoco was a village that served as the headquarters of Chief Powhatan, the Paramount chief. The name Werowocomoco comes from the Powhatan werowans (weroance), meaning "leader" in English; and komakah (-comoco), "settlement". It existed at the time the English founded the settlement of Jamestown in 1607. The town was documented by English settlers in 1608 as located near the north bank of the York River in what is now Gloucester County. It was separated by that river and the narrow Virginia Peninsula from Jamestown, located on the James River. Powhatan's Chimney at Wicomico, a site of historical ruins associated with a house purported to have been built for Powhatan, was long thought to have been the site of this capital. Its probable true site was tentatively identified by archaeologists in 2003 at a site on Purtan Bay, further west on the York River. Their survey and excavations revealed extensive artifacts, with habitation from the 13th into the 17th century. Its first settlement was dated about 1270 CE, with complex earthworks built about 1400 CE. The area that the Native Americans considered Werowocomoco may have included both the newly identified Purtan Bay site and the site of Powhatan's Chimney site. The Gloucester County Board of Supervisors noted that in the Algonquian language the designation for the village of the chief was not a place name, but more correctly translated as a reference to the lands where he lived. The culture frequently relocated quarters within a general area.

Location

3051 Ginny Hill Rd.
Gloucester, Gloucester County, Virginia
37.41239, -76.65495

Categories

HISTORIC - ABORIGINALPREHISTORICEXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
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Finds & Access
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Literature
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Spotlight
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Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
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Nearby Historic Sites

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1.8 mi
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Reed, Walter, Birthplace (Boundary Increase and Additional Documentation)
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Reed, Walter, Birthplace
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Kenwood
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5.5 mi

Nearby Battles

Battle of Spencer's Ordinary
1781Revolutionary War
5.8 mi
Battle of West Point (Eltham's)
1862Civil War
6.5 mi

Questions about this property

When was Werowocomoco Archeological Site listed on the National Register?

Werowocomoco Archeological Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 2006.

What type of historic resource is Werowocomoco Archeological Site?

Werowocomoco Archeological Site is classified as a site in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Werowocomoco Archeological Site?

The period of significance for Werowocomoco Archeological Site is recorded as the listed era.

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