National Register of Historic Places

Federal Office Building

Seattle, King County, Washington
Listed
April 29, 1979
Type
Building
Period
Early Republic
Ref No.
79003155

About this property

The Federal Office Building, Seattle, Washington is a historic federal office building located at Seattle in King County, Washington. According to local tradition, the Federal Office Building in Seattle is located on the site where city founders A. A. Denny, William Bell, and C. D. Boren docked their boat after making initial surveys of Puget Sound and its harbors in 1851. By the late 1880s, the block had been built up with 1 and 2-story shops and lodging houses, all wood-frame. On June 6, 1889, the Great Seattle Fire, which destroyed more than 64 acres (260,000 m2) of the commercial district, started in a cabinet shop at the site of the Federal Office Building. The block was quickly rebuilt with a wall of 4-story buildings including the massive Noyes Block, occupied by the Grand Hotel, later known as the Rainier Grand. After the fire downtown Seattle took on a much more metropolitan air, and in 1897 its port became the "Gateway to Alaska" for steamships bearing prospectors bound for Alaska and the Klondike Gold Rush. The city's population burgeoned, and the federal government decided to consolidate the location of its services. In 1928, Congress approved more than $2 million for site acquisition and construction. Officials selected a site bounded by Madison and Marion streets and First and Western avenues. The building was designed between 1930 and 1931 by the Office of the Supervising Architect under James A. Wetmore. One of the earliest federal buildings in the Art Deco style of architecture, the building's design was a departure from the more traditional styles of Classical Revival and Beaux Arts Classicism and a step toward more modern architectural styles that were gaining popularity. However, the building retains conventional symmetrical massing and proportion. Construction was completed in 1933 by the Murch Construction Company of St. Louis, Missouri. The building used substantial amounts of aluminum from smelters along the nearby Columbia River. It was the first building in Seattle designed specifically to house offices for the federal government. Among its first tenants were 52 federal agencies, the largest of which was the Department of the Treasury. Today, the building is located among three significant historic areas: Pioneer Square, Pike Place Market, and the waterfront. The Henry M. Jackson Federal Building, located across the street, was constructed from 1975 to 1976. In 1979, the Federal Office Building was listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The Federal Office Building is an exuberant example of Art Deco architecture. One of the earliest Modern styles, Art Deco architecture emphasizes verticality and is heavily ornamented with stylized, geometric motifs. The facade is stepped, with the outer portions rising from six stories to nine stories, while the central tower reaches eleven stories in height. The tower is topped by a ziggurat (stepped pyramid) with a flagpole at its apex. Corner towers rise slightly above the ridgeline.

Location

909 1st Ave.
Seattle, King County, Washington
47.60415, -122.33618

Categories

ARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Colman Building
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0 mi
Globe Building, Beebe Building and Hotel Cecil
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0.1 mi
National Building
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0.1 mi
Holyoke Building
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Grand Pacific Hotel
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Nearby Battles

Puget Sound War — Battle of Seattle (January 26, 1856)
1856Indian Wars
0.2 mi
Yakama War — Battle of Seattle
1856Indian Wars
0.2 mi

Questions about this property

When was Federal Office Building listed on the National Register?

Federal Office Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 29, 1979.

What type of historic resource is Federal Office Building?

Federal Office Building is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Federal Office Building?

The period of significance for Federal Office Building is recorded as the early_republic era.

Can I research the history near Federal Office Building?

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