National Register of Historic Places

Old Capitol Building

Olympia, Thurston County, Washington
Listed
May 29, 1975
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
75001877

About this property

The Old Capitol Building (originally known as the State Capitol Building) is a historic building in downtown Olympia, Washington. It was built in 1892 and has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1975. It is currently occupied by the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction. On December 12, 1890, architect Willis A. Ritchie was selected to develop the new seat of government. Construction began on May 15, 1891 and completed on October 12, 1892, when it was formally accepted as the Thurston County courthouse. The State Capitol Building was dedicated on January 11, 1905, at Governor Albert Mead's inauguration, and served 1928 as the State Capitol, seat of the legislature of Washington, until 1928. In 1928, the legislature moved to the current Capitol Building. On Saturday, September 8, 1928, a fire ignited, severely damaging the timber roof framing on the main section of the building, including the loss of a 150 feet (46 m) tall central tower. Additionally, water from fire fighting efforts damaged the building's interior. Dense smoke was detected at 3:35 p.m. at the base of the tower and roof eaves; all available firefighters in Olympia responded to the emergency. After 20 minutes, Tacoma Fire Department was dispatched to assist, making a 32 miles (51 km) trip across the Pacific Highway to arrive 35 minutes later. The fire was completely put out by 5:30 p.m., and witnessed by approximately 6,500 people from the surrounding streets. After the 1949 Olympia earthquake, the building was evacuated and suffered severe damage to its masonry exterior that had to be repaired over the following few months at a cost of $1.1 million. 10 of the 12 towers were lost in the earthquake, along with a rotunda, the House chamber, and several galleries in the East Wing. National Register of Historic Places listings in Thurston County, Washington Media related to Old Washington State Capitol at Wikimedia Commons

Location

600 block Washington St.
Olympia, Thurston County, Washington
47.04292, -122.89936

Categories

POLITICS/GOVERNMENT
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Old Capitol Building

This page lists Old Capitol Building. A full Aubrey report for an address near it pulls together this listing alongside battlefield records, land patents, and every other historical record within a chosen radius:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
First month just $5.99, then $11.99 a month. Unlimited locations, cancel anytime.

Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

Start your Old Capitol Building report
Or see a real report first

Nearby Historic Sites

Olympia Public Library
Industrial
0 mi
Town Square
Listed
0.1 mi
Jeffers Studio
Industrial
0.1 mi
Capital Savings and Loan Association
Industrial
0.1 mi
Olympia Downtown Historic District
Civil War
0.1 mi

Questions about this property

When was Old Capitol Building listed on the National Register?

Old Capitol Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 29, 1975.

What type of historic resource is Old Capitol Building?

Old Capitol Building is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Old Capitol Building?

The period of significance for Old Capitol Building is recorded as the industrial era.

Can I research the history near Old Capitol Building?

Yes. Aubrey Research reports search National Register listings, battlefield records, land patents, and other primary historical sources within any radius of a US address. A report for an address near Old Capitol Building will include this listing and all other historical records in the area.

More in Thurston County

Historic places, battles, and census history across Thurston County.

Explore ThurstonCounty ›

More historic places in Washington

Browse all historic places in Washington.

View Washingtonhistoric sites ›

Conflict records

Explore 19,000+ military engagements across American history.

Browse US conflicts ›

Washington history

Colonial settlement, territorial period, and statehood narrative.

Washingtonhistory ›

Research the history near this site

An Aubrey US report for an address near Old Capitol Building will include this listing alongside battlefield records and other historical sources within your chosen radius.

Research your locationView a free sample report