Coquille Indian Tribe
Traditional Territory
Southern Oregon Coast, including the Coquille River region and what is now Bandon, Oregon; the original Coastal (Siletz) Indian Reservation extended 125 miles of coastline from the Siltcoos River to Cape Lookout near present-day Florence.
Overview
The Coquille Indian Tribe is the federally recognized Native American tribe of the Coquille people who have traditionally lived on the southern Oregon Coast. The tribe regained federal recognition in 1989 after having been terminated by the U.S. government. With restoration came tribal sovereignty, giving the tribe authority to form its own government and jurisdiction over tribal lands, businesses, and community members.
Historical Notes
Coquille people were forcibly marched to the Coastal Indian Reservation in 1856; many returned to their traditional homeland over the years. Federal recognition was terminated by the U.S. government as part of the Western Oregon Indian Termination Act, then regained in 1989.
Federal Recognition
The Coquille Indian Tribe hold federal recognition from the United States government, administered through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Federally recognized tribes have a government-to-government relationship with the United States and are eligible for services and protections under federal Indian law. There are currently 574 federally recognized tribal nations in the United States.
Indigenous peoples had inhabited North America for at least 15,000 years before European contact, developing complex societies across every region of the continent. The Mississippian culture, centered on the city of Cahokia near present-day St. Louis, reached its peak around 1100 AD with a population estimated at 10,000 to 20,000 — larger than contemporary London. The Ancestral Puebloans built multi-story stone complexes at Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde between the 9th and 13th centuries. The Iroquois Confederacy, formed between roughly 1450 and 1600, united five nations under a constitution that influenced later American democratic thinking. Across the eastern woodlands, the Great Plains, the Pacific Coast, and the Southwest, hundreds of distinct nations maintained sophisticated trade networks, agricultural systems, and governance structures. European contact beginning in the late 15th century introduced epidemic disease — smallpox, measles, influenza — which devastated Indigenous populations by an estimated 50 to 90 percent within a century.
Content adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Source: Wikipedia.
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