Bedfordshire · Local History

The History of Cranfield

A place in Bedfordshire with a history you can trace through the records: its entry in the 1086 Domesday Book, the archaeological finds and scheduled monuments around it, and the nearest Roman sites and battlefields. Everything below is drawn from the historical record.

In 1086, Cranfield was held by Ramsey (St Benedict), abbey of.

The record

What the Domesday Book records for Cranfield

When William the Conqueror's commissioners surveyed Cranfield in 1086, they recorded a manor held by Ramsey (St Benedict), abbey of. The same lord had held the land before the Norman Conquest of 1066.

The settlement was assessed at 10 hides for tax. There was land for 12 ploughs, with 12 plough teams at work (2 in the lord's demesne and 10 held by the villagers). The recorded population was 25 heads of household: 18 villagers, 2 smallholders and 5 slaves. These are heads of household, so the settlement's true population was several times larger. Its recorded resources included meadow (2 ploughs) and woodland (1000 pigs). The manor was valued at 9 pounds in 1086, down from 12 pounds in 1066.

The record in full
Held in 1086 by
Ramsey (St Benedict), abbey of
Held in 1066 by
Ramsey (St Benedict), abbey of
Value in 1086
9 pounds (12 pounds in 1066)
Taxable assessment
10 hides
Ploughland
land for 12 ploughs
Ploughs at work
12
Recorded population
18 villagers, 2 smallholders, 5 slaves
Meadow
2 ploughs
Woodland
1000 pigs

The Domesday Book was the great survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror in 1085 and completed in 1086, the oldest surviving public record in the country. How the survey worked →

Cranfield was one of the settlements recorded in Bedfordshire in the 1086 survey. Bedfordshire in the Domesday survey →

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Cranfield

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Cranfield's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Domesday
The settlement's entry in the 1086 Domesday Book: who held it, what it was worth, and the people who worked the land.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
LiDAR
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks hidden under fields and woodland, with likely features flagged.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

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Conflict

Battlefields near Cranfield

Nationally registered historic battlefields within 25 miles of Cranfield.

Battle of Northampton (1460)
Registered battlefield · 1460 · ~15.8 miles
Archaeology

Archaeological finds near Cranfield

99 recorded finds have been logged within about 5 miles of Cranfield, reported by members of the public and entered in the national record of archaeological finds. They span these periods:

Medieval: 34Post medieval: 29Roman: 26Iron age: 7Bronze age: 2Modern: 1
Landscape

The ground beneath Cranfield

The bedrock beneath Cranfield is Kellaways Formation And Oxford Clay Formation (Undifferentiated) (Oxfordian).

Common questions

Questions about Cranfield

Was Cranfield in the Domesday Book?+
Yes. Cranfield was recorded in the 1086 Domesday Book as a settlement in the historic county of Bedfordshire.
Who held Cranfield in 1086?+
In 1086, Cranfield was held by Ramsey (St Benedict), abbey of.
Who held Cranfield before the Norman Conquest?+
Before the Conquest in 1066, Cranfield was held by Ramsey (St Benedict), abbey of.
What was Cranfield worth in the Domesday Book?+
In 1086, Cranfield was valued at 9 pounds. The 1066 value was 12 pounds, showing a fall.
How many people lived in Cranfield in 1086?+
The 1086 survey recorded 25 people in Cranfield: 18 villagers, 2 smallholders and 5 slaves.
What land did Cranfield have in 1086?+
The Domesday Book records Cranfield as having land for 12 ploughs, 2 ploughs of meadow, 1000 pigs of woodland.
Where is Cranfield today?+
Cranfield is a settlement in the historic county of Bedfordshire, England.
Aubrey Research

Discover Cranfield's Complete Historical Record

Aubrey's full report for this location includes every Domesday manor, the complete record of medieval lordship, archaeological context, and the story of how this settlement evolved from 1086 to the present day.

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