A place in Hampshire with a history you can trace through the records: its entry in the 1086 Domesday Book, the archaeological finds and scheduled monuments around it, and the nearest Roman sites and battlefields. Everything below is drawn from the historical record.
In 1086, Waltham was held by Ralph the priest.
When William the Conqueror's commissioners surveyed Waltham in 1086, they recorded a manor held by Ralph the priest, Robert, Winchester (St Peter & St Swithun), bishop of and man, one. Before the Conquest, in the time of King Edward, it was held by Winchester (St Peter & St Swithun), bishop of and villagers.
The settlement was assessed at 30 hides for tax. There was land for 26 ploughs, with 37.1 plough teams at work (9 in the lord's demesne and 28.1 held by the villagers). The recorded population was 115 heads of household: 73 villagers, 28 smallholders and 14 slaves. These are heads of household, so the settlement's true population was several times larger. Its recorded resources included meadow (2.5 acres), woodland (10 swine render) and 3 mills. The manor was valued at 38 pounds in 1086, up from 31 pounds in 1066.
The Domesday Book was the great survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror in 1085 and completed in 1086, the oldest surviving public record in the country. How the survey worked →
Waltham was one of the settlements recorded in Hampshire in the 1086 survey. Hampshire in the Domesday survey →
This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Waltham's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:
Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.
Nationally registered historic battlefields within 25 miles of Waltham.
424 recorded finds have been logged within about 5 miles of Waltham, reported by members of the public and entered in the national record of archaeological finds. They span these periods:
The bedrock beneath Waltham is Lambeth Group (Paleocene).
Aubrey's full report for this location includes every Domesday manor, the complete record of medieval lordship, archaeological context, and the story of how this settlement evolved from 1086 to the present day.