A place in Lincolnshire with a history you can trace through the records: its entry in the 1086 Domesday Book, the archaeological finds and scheduled monuments around it, and the nearest Roman sites and battlefields. Everything below is drawn from the historical record.
In 1086, Surfleet was held by Heppo the bowman.
When William the Conqueror's commissioners surveyed Surfleet in 1086, they recorded a manor held by Heppo the bowman. Before the Conquest, in the time of King Edward, it was held by Alsi (son of Godram).
The settlement was assessed at 4.5 hides for tax. There was land for 4.5 ploughs, with 3.5 plough teams at work (1 in the lord's demesne and 2.5 held by the villagers). The recorded population was 17 heads of household: 11 villagers and 6 smallholders. These are heads of household, so the settlement's true population was several times larger. The manor was valued at 3.3 pounds in 1086, down from 4 pounds in 1066.
The Domesday Book was the great survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror in 1085 and completed in 1086, the oldest surviving public record in the country. How the survey worked →
Surfleet was one of the settlements recorded in Lincolnshire in the 1086 survey. Lincolnshire in the Domesday survey →
This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Surfleet's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:
Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.
142 recorded finds have been logged within about 5 miles of Surfleet, reported by members of the public and entered in the national record of archaeological finds. They span these periods:
The bedrock beneath Surfleet is Kellaways Formation And Oxford Clay Formation (Undifferentiated) (Oxfordian).
Aubrey's full report for this location includes every Domesday manor, the complete record of medieval lordship, archaeological context, and the story of how this settlement evolved from 1086 to the present day.