Domesday BookSurreyWindsor
Surrey · Local History

The History of Windsor

A place in Surrey with a history you can trace through the records: its entry in the 1086 Domesday Book, the archaeological finds and scheduled monuments around it, and the nearest Roman sites and battlefields. Everything below is drawn from the historical record.

In 1086, Windsor was held by Aelfric.

The record

What the Domesday Book records for Windsor

When William the Conqueror's commissioners surveyed Windsor in 1086, they recorded a manor held by Aelfric, another Aelfric, Albert of Lorraine, Eudo the steward, Gilbert Maminot, Walter son of Other, William Bellett, King William and servants, two. Before the Conquest, in the time of King Edward, it was held by King Edward.

The settlement was assessed at 20 hides for tax. The record notes 11 plough teams at work (1 in the lord's demesne and 10 held by the villagers). The recorded population was 25 heads of household: 22 villagers, 2 smallholders and 1 slave. These are heads of household, so the settlement's true population was several times larger. Its recorded resources included meadow (40 acres) and woodland (50 swine render). The manor was valued at 15 pounds in 1086, unchanged since 1066.

The record in full
Held in 1086 by
Aelfric; another Aelfric; Albert of Lorraine; Eudo the steward; Gilbert Maminot; Walter son of Other; William Bellett; King William; servants, two
Held in 1066 by
King Edward
Value in 1086
15 pounds
Taxable assessment
20 hides
Ploughs at work
11
Recorded population
22 villagers, 2 smallholders, 1 slave
Meadow
40 acres
Woodland
50 swine render

The Domesday Book was the great survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror in 1085 and completed in 1086, the oldest surviving public record in the country. How the survey worked →

Windsor was one of the settlements recorded in Surrey in the 1086 survey. Surrey in the Domesday survey →

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Windsor

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Windsor's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Domesday
The settlement's entry in the 1086 Domesday Book: who held it, what it was worth, and the people who worked the land.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
LiDAR
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks hidden under fields and woodland, with likely features flagged.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

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Conflict

Battlefields near Windsor

Nationally registered historic battlefields within 25 miles of Windsor.

Battle of Barnet 1471
Registered battlefield · 1471 · ~21.7 miles
Battle of Chalgrove 1643
Registered battlefield · 1643 · ~23.8 miles
Archaeology

Archaeological finds near Windsor

252 recorded finds have been logged within about 5 miles of Windsor, reported by members of the public and entered in the national record of archaeological finds. They span these periods:

Post medieval: 119Roman: 63Medieval: 37Iron age: 15Bronze age: 6Early medieval: 4Modern: 4Mesolithic: 2Neolithic: 1
Landscape

The ground beneath Windsor

The bedrock beneath Windsor is Thames Group (Eocene).

Common questions

Questions about Windsor

Was Windsor in the Domesday Book?+
Yes. Windsor was recorded in the 1086 Domesday Book as a settlement in the historic county of Surrey.
Who held Windsor in 1086?+
In 1086, Windsor was held by Aelfric. The tenant-in-chief was King William.
Who held Windsor before the Norman Conquest?+
Before the Conquest in 1066, Windsor was held by King Edward.
What was Windsor worth in the Domesday Book?+
In 1086, Windsor was valued at 15 pounds. The 1066 value was 15 pounds, showing unchanged.
How many people lived in Windsor in 1086?+
The 1086 survey recorded 25 people in Windsor: 22 villagers, 2 smallholders and 1 slave.
What land did Windsor have in 1086?+
The Domesday Book records Windsor as having 11 ploughs in use, 40 acres of meadow, 50 swine render of woodland.
Where is Windsor today?+
Windsor is a settlement in the historic county of Surrey, England.
Aubrey Research

Discover Windsor's Complete Historical Record

Aubrey's full report for this location includes every Domesday manor, the complete record of medieval lordship, archaeological context, and the story of how this settlement evolved from 1086 to the present day.

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