A place in Yorkshire with a history you can trace through the records: its entry in the 1086 Domesday Book, the archaeological finds and scheduled monuments around it, and the nearest Roman sites and battlefields. Everything below is drawn from the historical record.
In 1086, Cowlam was held by King William.
When William the Conqueror's commissioners surveyed Cowlam in 1086, they recorded 3 manors held by King William, Walkelin (nephew of the Bishop of Winchester), York (St Peter), archbishop of and Berengar of Tosny. Before the Conquest, in the time of King Edward, the land was held by Ketilbert, Ketilbert's brother, York (St Peter), archbishop of and Thorbrand (son of Karli).
The settlement was assessed at 100.25 hides for tax. There was land for 40.5 ploughs, with 14 plough teams at work (4 in the lord's demesne and 10 held by the villagers). The recorded population was 30 heads of household: 12 villagers, 9 smallholders and 9 freemen. These are heads of household, so the settlement's true population was several times larger. Its recorded resources included 2 mills. The manors were valued at 8.5 pounds in 1086, down from 20 pounds in 1066.
The Domesday Book was the great survey of England ordered by William the Conqueror in 1085 and completed in 1086, the oldest surviving public record in the country. How the survey worked →
Cowlam was one of the settlements recorded in Yorkshire in the 1086 survey. Yorkshire in the Domesday survey →
This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Cowlam's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:
Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.
Nationally registered historic battlefields within 25 miles of Cowlam.
307 recorded finds have been logged within about 5 miles of Cowlam, reported by members of the public and entered in the national record of archaeological finds. They span these periods:
The bedrock beneath Cowlam is White Chalk Subgroup (Maastrichtian).
Aubrey's full report for this location includes every Domesday manor, the complete record of medieval lordship, archaeological context, and the story of how this settlement evolved from 1086 to the present day.