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Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works is a post-medieval and modern industrial site in Wales, protected by Cadw as a scheduled monument. The works exploited copper and arsenic deposits accessible within the underlying Pennine and South Wales Lower Coal Measures Formation, a Westphalian sequence of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete that provided both ore and fuel for smelting operations. Such industrial sites became increasingly common across South Wales during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as mineral extraction intensified.
The site's survival as a monument reflects the substantial remains of mining and processing infrastructure typical of copper and arsenic works of this period. The Coal Measures bedrock beneath Clyne Wood would have supported both shaft sinking for ore extraction and the quarrying of coal needed to fuel the furnaces. Arsenic, often a by-product of copper smelting, was valuable in its own right for insecticides and other industrial uses.
The monument's scheduling acknowledges its importance to understanding Wales's industrial heritage and the technological and social impact of metal extraction on the landscape. Such works were integral to the development of South Wales as a major industrial region, leaving both archaeological evidence and permanent changes to the terrain.
Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM475. View the official record →
Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works is a post-medieval and modern industrial site in Wales, protected by Cadw as a scheduled monument. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference GM475.
Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works dates from the post medieval/modern period, and is classified as a copper works. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.
Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM475.
Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Clyne Wood Coal Level (0.4 km), Clyne Valley Shaft Mounds (1.2 km), Ynys Pit & Leat (1.3 km).
This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:
Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.
Clyne Wood Arsenic & Copper Works stands on Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation And South Wales Lower Coal Measures Formation (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.