Scheduled MonumentsWalesHirfynydd Roman Earthwork
Roman · Signal Station

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork

Wales
Cadw SAM GM274
Period
Roman
Site type
Signal Station
Broad class
Communications
Nation
Wales
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork is a Roman signal station situated in Wales, built upon South Wales Upper Coal Measures bedrock. The underlying geology, formed during the Westphalian period, comprises mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal and ironstone deposits characteristic of the South Wales coalfield. The ferricrete weathering products of these rocks would have been locally available for construction and surfacing.

Signal stations of this type formed part of the Roman military communications network, typically occupying elevated positions to relay messages across distances using fire or smoke signals. Such installations were usually modest, with earthen ramparts and ditches defining a compact enclosed space adequate for a small garrison and signalling apparatus. Their strategic value depended upon inter-visibility with neighbouring stations rather than defensive capacity.

The site is protected as a scheduled monument by Cadw, the Welsh heritage protection authority, under reference GM274. Its survival as an upstanding earthwork preserves evidence of Roman frontier strategy and the surveying expertise required to position stations across varied Welsh terrain. The monument contributes to understanding Roman communications infrastructure in the province, complementing excavated examples elsewhere along the frontier.

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM274. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork?

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork is a Roman signal station situated in Wales, built upon South Wales Upper Coal Measures bedrock. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference GM274.

What period does Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork date from?

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork dates from the roman period, and is classified as a signal station. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork?

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM274.

What other scheduled monuments are near Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Roman Marching Camp South West of Melin Court Brook (6.7 km), Camp 280m S of Melin Court Brook (6.7 km), Pen-Rhiw-Angharad Round Cairns (8.1 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork

Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork stands on South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.

The wider landscape

Around Hirfynydd Roman Earthwork

Caerphilly CastleArchaeological site · ~23.6 miles