Scheduled MonumentsWalesBlaen-Cwmbach Camp
Roman · Marching Camp

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp

Wales
Cadw SAM GM258
Period
Roman
Site type
Marching Camp
Broad class
Defence
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM GM258
Authority
Cadw
Designated
1959-01-19
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp is a Roman marching camp situated in Wales on bedrock formed from the South Wales Upper Coal Measures. The underlying geology of mudstone, siltstone and sandstone, interspersed with coal and ironstone deposits, reflects the industrial mineral wealth of the South Wales landscape. The camp occupies a position within this carboniferous terrain, protected as a scheduled monument by Cadw under reference GM258.

Roman marching camps were temporary military installations constructed during campaigns of conquest and consolidation. Built to a standardised defensive plan with ditched and ramparted perimeters, they served as overnight or short-term bases for legionary forces on the move. The positioning of Blaen-Cwmbach Camp within the coal-bearing geology of South Wales places it within the region of Roman military operations and infrastructure development during the subjugation of Wales.

The monument survives as earthwork remains visible in the landscape, preserving evidence of Roman military practice and strategy in Britain. Its location and layout contribute to the archaeological understanding of Roman campaigning methods and the conquest and control of the Welsh territories during the Roman occupation period.

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM258. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Blaen-Cwmbach Camp?

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp is a Roman marching camp situated in Wales on bedrock formed from the South Wales Upper Coal Measures. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference GM258.

What period does Blaen-Cwmbach Camp date from?

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp dates from the roman period, and is classified as a marching camp. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Blaen-Cwmbach Camp?

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM258.

What other scheduled monuments are near Blaen-Cwmbach Camp?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Cwmafan copper works flue (5.7 km), Craig Ty-Isaf Camp (6.8 km), Cae'r Mynydd Ventilation Furnace and Mine (7 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Blaen-Cwmbach Camp

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Blaen-Cwmbach Camp's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Blaen-Cwmbach Camp

Blaen-Cwmbach Camp stands on South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.

The wider landscape

Around Blaen-Cwmbach Camp

Caerphilly CastleArchaeological site · ~23.5 miles