Scheduled MonumentsWalesSt. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen
Medieval · Cross

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen

Wales
Cadw SAM MM305
Period
Medieval
Site type
Cross
Broad class
Religious, Ritual and Funerary
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM MM305
Authority
Cadw
Designated
2002-06-25
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen is a medieval stone cross standing in the churchyard of St. Michael's Church in the village of Machen, Caerphilly. The monument is protected by Cadw, the Welsh Historic Monuments service, under the reference MM305. The cross is typical of parish crosses that once served as focal points for community gatherings, markets and religious processions during the medieval period and beyond.

The cross is situated on bedrock comprising Dinantian limestone with subordinate sandstone and argillaceous rocks, geology that provided local building stone for the church and surrounding settlements. The limestone formed during the Mississippian period, some 320 million years ago, and the readily available material shaped the character of medieval construction throughout the area.

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross remains an important surviving example of medieval religious architecture in the parish, its presence within the consecrated churchyard reflecting the spiritual and social significance such monuments held for communities in medieval Wales. The cross contributes to the heritage landscape of Machen, standing alongside the church as a testament to the area's long occupation and ceremonial traditions.

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference MM305. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen?

St. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference MM305.

What period does St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen date from?

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen dates from the medieval period, and is classified as a cross. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen?

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is MM305.

What other scheduled monuments are near St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Ruperra Castle (1.9 km), Croes Carn Einion Roman Site (3.4 km), Pen-y-Lan Camp (4.4 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen

St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen stands on Dinantian Rocks (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Mississippian. The rock here is limestone with subordinate sandstone and argillaceous rocks.

The wider landscape

Around St. Michael's Churchyard Cross, Machen

Caerphilly CastleArchaeological site · ~4.5 milesCaerwentRoman town · ~15 miles