Burrow in Lonsdale (Calacum/Galacum, possibly the Kalagon of the Ravenna Cosmography) was an auxiliary fort in the Lune valley, sited on a low rise above the river near the village of Burrow with Burrow. It guarded the road running north from Ribchester through the Lune gap towards Carlisle, and was probably occupied from the later 1st century AD through the 2nd century, with some evidence of continued activity into the later Roman period.
Source: Pleiades — A Community-Built Gazetteer and Graph of Ancient Places. View the Pleiades record →
The fort formed part of the network of garrisons securing the north-western road system between the legionary base at Chester and the Hadrianic frontier, controlling movement along the strategic Lune corridor. It is one of the candidates for the Calacum listed in the Antonine Itinerary (Iter X) between Bremetenacum (Ribchester) and Alone.
Antiquarian observations from the 18th and 19th centuries, including those associated with the grounds of Burrow Hall, recorded substantial Roman remains, inscriptions, altars, and tile, and aerial photography and geophysical survey have since clarified the fort's rectangular plan and associated vicus. Modern excavation has been limited, however, and the garrison units and detailed occupation sequence remain poorly defined.
Burrow in Lonsdale (Calacum/Galacum, possibly the Kalagon of the Ravenna Cosmography) was an auxiliary fort in the Lune valley, sited on a low rise above the river near the village of Burrow with Burrow. It is recorded in the Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places as a fort site from the Roman period in Britain.
Kalagon/Galacum is classified as a Roman fort — a military site in the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer. Roman Britain's archaeology encompasses thousands of sites ranging from legionary fortresses and marching camps to villas, temples and towns.
Several Roman sites lie within a short distance, including Roman fort and civil settlement, Over Burrow (0.7 km), Roman milestone 500ft (150m) SE of Overtown Farm (1.7 km), Romano-British enclosed hut circle settlement 375m ENE of Collingholme (2.3 km). Aubrey Research maps over 2,200 Roman sites across Britain, drawn from the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer.
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