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Colonial and Pre-Columbian

Harlan Site Warfare Evidence

1200
Oklahoma
Era
Colonial and Pre-Columbian
Year
1200
Location
Oklahoma
Status
Historical record
The Battle

History & Significance

Harlan Site Warfare Evidence was a Colonial and Pre-Columbian engagement fought in Oklahoma, 1200.

The Spiro site complex in eastern Oklahoma was the westernmost major Mississippian ceremonial center. The Great Mortuary contained warrior-associated burials with weapons, trophy skulls, engraved shell cups with warfare scenes, and copper items. Documented by Brown and others. Direct evidence of organized inter-polity warfare in the Caddo-Spiro sphere.

Forces engaged
Spiro phase elites and military retainers
Outcome
Warrior burials with weapons, trophy skulls, and Southeastern Ceremonial Complex warfare iconography indicate an organized military culture at the Spiro complex.

Approximate location. The nearest recorded settlement is shown; the exact site is unrecorded.

Questions & Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

When did Harlan Site Warfare Evidence take place?
Harlan Site Warfare Evidence took place in 1200.
Where was Harlan Site Warfare Evidence fought?
Harlan Site Warfare Evidence was fought in Oklahoma, United States.
What was the significance of Harlan Site Warfare Evidence?
The Spiro site complex in eastern Oklahoma was the westernmost major Mississippian ceremonial center. The Great Mortuary contained warrior-associated burials with weapons, trophy skulls, engraved shell cups with warfare scenes, and copper items. Documented by Brown and others. Direct evidence of org
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Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
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More from this era

Other Colonial and Pre-Columbian Engagements

Spiro Mounds Conflict Burials
1200
Oklahoma
Spiro Mounds - Caddo Warfare
1300
Oklahoma
All battles in Oklahoma›Colonial and Pre-Columbianconflicts ›Historic sites in Oklahoma›
Source

This page is compiled from cited public sources.

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