South Carolina

Fairfield

20,948
2020 population
1790
first census record
24
census records

About Fairfield

Fairfield, South Carolina, first appears in the United States federal census in 1790, when it recorded a population of 7,623. At the most recent census, in 2020, its population stood at 20,948.

Its recorded population peaked at 29,442 in 1910, and has since declined by roughly 29 percent.

On the ground today, 5 documented military engagements have been recorded within the county, among them Battle of Hayes Station, Skirmish at Winnsboro SC — Sherman's Army February 1865, Skirmish at Rocky Mount SC — February 1865, and 43 places are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Population by decade

Census YearPopulationChart
202020,948
201023,956
200023,454
199022,295
198020,700
197019,999
196020,713
195021,780
194024,187
193023,287
192027,159
191029,442
190029,425
189028,599
188027,765
187019,888
186022,111
185021,404
184020,165
183021,546
182017,174
181011,857
180010,087
17907,623
Source

Population data from the United States decennial census, U.S. Census Bureau (public domain).

Battles & engagements in Fairfield

Military engagements that took place in Fairfield, South Carolina.

Battle of Hayes Station
1781
Skirmish at Winnsboro SC — Sherman's Army February 1865
1865
Skirmish at Rocky Mount SC — February 1865
1865
Winnsboro SC — Sherman's March
1865
Occupation of Winnsboro — Sherman's Army February 21 1865
1865

Historic places in Fairfield

National Register of Historic Places listings in Fairfield, South Carolina.

White Oak Historic District
Winnsboro
Albion
Winnsboro
The Oaks
Winnsboro
Blink Bonnie
Ridgeway
St. Stephen's Episcopal Church
Ridgeway
Mayfair
Jenkinsville
McMeekin Rock Shelter
Winnsboro
Blair Mound
Winnsboro
Ebenezer Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church
Jenkinsville
Monticello Store and Post Office
Monticello
High Point
Jenkinsville
Kincaid-Anderson House
Jenkinsville
Century House
Ridgeway
Furman Institution Faculty Residence
Winnsboro
Winnsboro Historic District
Winnsboro
Tocaland
Winnsboro
Rural Point
Winnsboro
Vaughn's Stage Coach Stop
Ridgeway
Camp Welfare
Ridgeway
Brice, Dr. Walter, House and Office
Winnsboro
Ketchin Building
Winnsboro
Davis Plantation
Monticello
Old Stone House
Winnsboro
Balwearie
Winnsboro
Browse all South Carolinahistoric sites ›

Other counties in South Carolina

Explore census history and historic records for more South Carolina counties.

WilliamsburgYorkAbbevilleAikenAllendaleAndersonBambergBarnwellBeaufortBerkeleyCalhounCharlestonCherokeeChesterChesterfieldClarendonColletonDarlingtonDillonDorchester
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Everything a full report reveals about Fairfield County, South Carolina

This page charts the census history of Fairfield County, South Carolina. A full Aubrey report for an address here pulls together everything the historical record holds about the ground, from the earliest settlement to the twentieth century:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with historic sites, battles and Native heritage plotted, and its full story era by era.
The Land
The historic sites and place names around the location, and how this land was settled and used.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back millions of years.
LiDAR Terrain
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks and old features hidden in the landscape.
Conflict & War
The battles, raids and skirmishes fought near here, across every era of American conflict.
The Civil War
The Civil War on this ground, 1861 to 1865: who held it, and the battles, camps and regiments nearby.
The Soldiers
The men who marched from here in the Civil War, named and traced where the record allows.
Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
Who claimed and held this ground, from Indigenous homelands through the colonial powers to the United States.
The Community
How the town grew, who came, and what kind of place it became, traced through the census record.
Rivers & Rail
The rivers, canals and railroads that connected this place between 1830 and 1911.
Notable People
The people born, buried or genuinely tied to this exact place, with their stories.
Historical Maps
Historic maps of the location layered over how it looks today.
Finds & Access
Museum objects tied to the area, and the laws on searching, collecting and access here.
Literature
The old books, county histories and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Points of Interest
The most significant historic sites and landmarks near the location, and why they matter.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from first peoples to the present day.
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Frequently asked about Fairfield

When does Fairfield first appear in the US census?
Fairfield, South Carolina first appears in the federal census in 1790, with a recorded population of 7,623.
What is the population of Fairfield?
At the most recent federal census (2020), Fairfield had a recorded population of 20,948.
When did Fairfield's population peak?
Fairfield's recorded population peaked at 29,442 in 1910.
Were any battles fought in Fairfield?
5 documented military engagements took place in Fairfield, including Battle of Hayes Station, Skirmish at Winnsboro SC — Sherman's Army February 1865, Skirmish at Rocky Mount SC — February 1865.
How many historic places are in Fairfield?
43 sites are listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Fairfield, South Carolina.
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