Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District
National Register of Historic Places

Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District

Birmingham, Jefferson County, Alabama
Listed
October 18, 2006
Type
District
Period
Modern
Ref No.
06000940

About this property

The Birmingham Civil Rights District is an area of downtown Birmingham, Alabama where several significant events in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s took place. The district was designated by the City of Birmingham in 1992 and covers a six-block area. 16th Street Baptist Church, where the students involved in the 1963 Birmingham campaign and its Children's Crusade were trained by SCLC activist James Bevel and left in groups of 50 to march on City Hall, and where four young African American girls were killed and 22 churchgoers were injured in a bombing on September 15, 1963. Kelly Ingram Park, where many protests by blacks were held, often resulting in recrimination by Birmingham police, including the famous 1963 scenes of policemen turning back young protesters with fire hoses and police dogs. News coverage of the police attack in this park helped turn the tide of public opinion in the United States against legalized segregationist policies. Several sculptures in the park depict scenes from those police riots. The Fourth Avenue Business District, where much of the city's black businesses and entertainment venues were located; the area was the hub of the black community for many years. The business district includes A. G. Gaston's Booker T. Washington Insurance Co. and the Gaston Motel, a meeting place for the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights during the early 1960s. Carver Theatre, once a popular motion picture theater for blacks in Birmingham, now renovated as a live-performance theater and home of the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame. Birmingham Civil Rights Institute, a museum which chronicles the events, actions, and victories of the Civil Rights Movement, opened in 1993. On March 21, 2016, Rep. Terri Sewell introduced to the United States House of Representatives H.R. 4817, a bill that would designate the Birmingham Civil Rights District as a National Historical Park. On March 28, 2016, the bill was referred to the Subcommittee on Federal Lands. However, a portion of the district was designated by executive order by President Obama as the Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument on January 12, 2017.

Location

Birmingham, Jefferson County, Alabama
33.51624, -86.81577

Categories

BLACKSOCIAL HISTORY
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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The Civil War
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The Soldiers
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Native Heritage
The Native nations who held this land, mapped across time from before European contact to today.
Settlement
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Nearby Historic Sites

Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
Modern
0.1 mi
Gaston, A.G., Building
Industrial
0.1 mi
West Park
Listed
0.1 mi
Fourth Avenue Historic District
Civil War
0.2 mi
Fire Station No. 6
Industrial
0.3 mi

Questions about this property

When was Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District listed on the National Register?

Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 18, 2006.

What type of historic resource is Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District?

Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District is classified as a district in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District?

The period of significance for Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District is recorded as the modern era, specifically around 1963.

Can I research the history near Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District?

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