National Register of Historic Places

Fort Gaines

Mobile, Mobile County, Alabama
Listed
December 12, 1976
Type
Building
Period
Early Republic
Ref No.
76000348

About this property

Fort Gaines is a historic fort on Dauphin Island, Alabama, United States. It was named for Edmund Pendleton Gaines. Established in 1821, it is best known for its role in the Battle of Mobile Bay during the American Civil War. Exhibits include the huge anchor from USS Hartford, Admiral David Farragut's flagship on which he gave his world-famous command, "Damn the torpedoes – full speed ahead!" The fort also has the original cannons used in the battle, five pre-Civil War brick buildings in the interior courtyard, operational blacksmith shop and kitchens, tunnel systems to the fortified corner bastions, and similar features. A museum details the history of this period, as well as the French colonial presence beginning in the late 17th century. The fort was partially modernized for the Spanish–American War. It is a tourist destination with tours and historical reenactment events. The site is considered to be one of the nation's best-preserved Civil War era masonry forts and has been nominated for listing as a National Historic Landmark. Significant masonry damage had been sustained during hurricanes and tropical storms during its lifetime. Though this damage has been largely repaired, the fort continues to be under threat from erosion. The fort sits on the east end of Dauphin Island, only feet from the Gulf of Mexico. Ongoing erosional losses of sand dunes and beach total up to 10 feet per year. For these reasons, the Civil War Preservation Trust placed Fort Gaines on its History Under Siege listing on March 18, 2009. The listing identifies the ten most endangered Civil War battlefields in the United States. Additionally it was placed on the list of America's 11 Most Endangered Historic Places by the National Trust for Historic Preservation in 2011. Fort Gaines was the setting for one episode of MTV's Fear. Lewis, Emanuel Raymond (1979). Seacoast Fortifications of the United States. Annapolis: Leeward Publications. ISBN 978-0-929521-11-4. Weaver II, John R. (2018). A Legacy in Brick and Stone: American Coastal Defense Forts of the Third System, 1816-1867, 2nd Ed. McLean, VA: Redoubt Press. ISBN 978-1-7323916-1-1. Media related to Fort Gaines (Alabama) at Wikimedia Commons

Location

Mobile, Mobile County, Alabama
30.24847, -88.07551

Categories

MILITARYARCHITECTURE
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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The Land
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Conflict & War
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The Civil War
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The Soldiers
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Native Heritage
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Settlement
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The Community
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Rivers & Rail
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Nearby Historic Sites

Dauphin Island School
Industrial
2.4 mi
U.S.S. TECUMSEH
Industrial
3.2 mi
Fort Morgan
Early Republic
3.4 mi
Sand Island Light
Colonial
4.4 mi
Austin, Hiram B., House
Industrial
12 mi

Nearby Battles

Battle of New Orleans — British Withdrawal and Subsequent Operations
1815Early Republic
0.5 mi
Battle of Mobile Bay – Naval Engagement
1864Civil War
1.6 mi

Questions about this property

When was Fort Gaines listed on the National Register?

Fort Gaines was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 12, 1976.

What type of historic resource is Fort Gaines?

Fort Gaines is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Fort Gaines?

The period of significance for Fort Gaines is recorded as the early_republic era.

Can I research the history near Fort Gaines?

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