National Register of Historic Places

Russwurm, John B., House

Portland, Cumberland County, Maine
Listed
July 20, 1983
Type
Building
Period
Industrial
Ref No.
83000450

About this property

The John B. Russwurm House is a historic house at 238 Ocean Avenue in the Back Cove neighborhood of Portland, Maine. Built about 1810, it was the residence of American abolitionist and Liberian colonist John Brown Russwurm. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The Russwurm House is located on the northwest side of Ocean Avenue (Maine State Route 9), between Gleckler and Wellington Roads. It is set back from the road, just south of the Church of the Holy Spirit. It is a typical Federal period 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a five-bay front facade and side gable roof. It is one room deep, and has a center entrance with a modest Greek Revival surround that includes sidelights and pilasters. A single-story ell extends to the rear on the left side, its gabled roof perpendicular to the main roof. The interior has a narrow stair in the entrance vestibule, with a Greek Revival parlor to the left and a Federal period parlor to the right. This house was built about 1810, and was from 1812 to 1827 intermittently the home of John Brown Russwurm. Russwurm was born in Jamaica to white plantation owner, John R. Russwurm, and an enslaved black woman. His father died in 1815, and his stepmother, Susan, lived there with her third husband, local miller William Hawes, after their marriage in 1817. Educated at Hebron Academy and Bowdoin College (where he was the first African-American to graduate), he was co-editor of Freedom's Journal, the first newspaper in America owned and published by African-Americans. He was active in abolitionist circles, and was a proponent of returning blacks to Africa. In 1836, he was chosen to serve as the first black governor of Maryland in Africa, a colony which eventually became part of Liberia. This house is the only known property in the United States associated with his life. National Register of Historic Places listings in Portland, Maine

Location

238 Ocean Ave.
Portland, Cumberland County, Maine
43.67898, -70.27964

Categories

BLACKEDUCATIONCOMMUNICATIONSSOCIAL HISTORY
National Register nomination ›
Sources

Property data from the National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (public domain).

Description adapted from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Nearby Historic Sites

Back Cove
Listed
0.5 mi
Sparrow House
Industrial
0.6 mi
St. Joseph's Academy and Convent-Catherine McAuley School (Additional Documentation)
Industrial
0.7 mi
Engine Company Number Nine Firehouse
Industrial
0.8 mi
Westbrook College Historic District
Industrial
0.9 mi

Nearby Battles

Battle of Casco Bay (Falmouth 1690)
1690Colonial
1.7 mi
Battle of Casco Bay (Fort Loyal) 1690
1690Colonial
1.7 mi

Questions about this property

When was Russwurm, John B., House listed on the National Register?

Russwurm, John B., House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 20, 1983.

What type of historic resource is Russwurm, John B., House?

Russwurm, John B., House is classified as a building in the National Register of Historic Places.

What is the period of significance for Russwurm, John B., House?

The period of significance for Russwurm, John B., House is recorded as the industrial era.

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