At Loudoun Hill on 10 May 1307 Bruce dug ditches to channel the English cavalry of Aymer de Valence onto a narrow front, then held the position with schiltrons of spearmen. Valence's cavalry could not outflank the position and was repulsed when it attacked frontally. Loudoun Hill was the first time Bruce demonstrated he could defeat an English cavalry force in open battle using engineered terrain and disciplined infantry — a preview of the methods that would triumph at Bannockburn seven years later.
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