After the Yorkist victory at Northampton (July 1460), Richard Duke of York returned north to his estates. A Lancastrian army under Somerset, Exeter, and Clifford trapped him in Sandal Castle near Wakefield. The reasons York sallied out to face a superior force on 30 December remain disputed — possibly food shortage, possibly a false truce, possibly provocation. The resulting battle killed York, his son Rutland, and the Earl of Salisbury. It was the most complete Lancastrian victory of the Wars.
Duke of York killed; Earl of Rutland killed; Earl of Salisbury captured and executed; c.2,000 Yorkists killed
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