Archbishop Stephen Langton returned to England at Sandwich in 1213 after John's submission to the papacy ended the interdict. His arrival required careful royal management as John had resisted him for five years. Langton's return with papal authority transformed the political situation. He became the principal mediator between John and the barons and was instrumental in Magna Carta. The submission at Sandwich included John's surrender of England as a papal fief.
Aubrey generates in-depth historical research for any location in Britain — drawing on Domesday records, scheduled monuments, Victorian OS maps, geological data and archaeological archives to tell the full story of a place.
Research a location near this battlefield