BattlefieldsSiege of Windsor Castle — Stephen vs Matilda 1142
Medieval

Siege of Windsor Castle — Stephen vs Matilda 1142

1142
Berkshire, England
Also known as: Windsor 1142 Anarchy · Anarchy Windsor siege
Era
Medieval
Battle Type
Siege
Location
Berkshire, England
Status
Unregistered
The Combatants

Who Fought

Defeated
Empress Matilda (garrison)
Forces
Matilda garrison c.500–1,000
VS
Victor
King Stephen
Forces
Stephen c.2,000–3,500
Outcome
Windsor briefly held against Stephen; subsequently confirmed in royal hands
The Battle

History & Significance

During the Anarchy, Windsor Castle — a key royal fortress on the Thames — was contested. Stephen worked to ensure that the great Thames valley castles including Windsor, Wallingford and Oxford remained either in his hands or neutralised. Windsor's position on the Thames made it a pivot of communications between London and the western theatre where Matilda's support was centred. Its control was essential for Stephen's ability to move forces westward.

Questions & Answers

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