During the retreat northward from Derby in December 1745, Cumberland's cavalry pressed hard on the Jacobite rearguard. Lord George Murray commanded the rearguard with skill, fighting a series of delaying actions through Westmorland. The approach to Clifton — where the main action was fought in the fields south of the village — involved preliminary skirmishing as the Jacobite rearguard sought good defensive ground. Murray's determination to stand and fight at Clifton, rather than continue a running retreat, was tactically sound and gave the main Jacobite army time to cross the Esk into Scotland.
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