BattlefieldsStirling Bridge — North Bank Annihilation of English Vanguard 1297
Medieval

Stirling Bridge — North Bank Annihilation of English Vanguard 1297

1297
Scotland
Era
Medieval
Battle Type
Pitched Battle
Location
Scotland
Status
Unregistered
The Combatants

Who Fought

Defeated
English vanguard under Sir Marmaduke Tweng and Treasurer Cressingham
Forces
English vanguard under Sir Marmaduke Tweng and Cressingham
VS
Victor
Scottish forces under William Wallace and Andrew Murray
Forces
Scottish schiltrons under Wallace and Murray
Outcome
English vanguard destroyed; Cressingham killed; 5,000 English dead; Scottish army achieved complete tactical surprise and destruction of a superior force
The Battle

History & Significance

When Wallace and Murray judged that sufficient English troops had crossed the narrow Stirling Bridge, they launched their schiltrons on 11 September 1297 to cut the English column in two. The vanguard of roughly 5,000 men on the north bank was surrounded and annihilated; cavalry attempting to escape were driven into the Forth and drowned. Hugh de Cressingham, the hated English treasurer, was killed and reportedly flayed. The north-bank destruction was the decisive tactical act that made Stirling Bridge a victory of the first order.

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