Scheduled MonumentsScotlandBencallen Hill,chambered cairn
Neolithic · Chambered cairn

Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn

Scotland
HES SM3890
Period
Neolithic
Site type
Chambered cairn
Nation
Scotland
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Historic Environment Scotland

Overview

History & significance

Bencallen Hill is a Neolithic chambered cairn located in Ayrshire, Scotland. This prehistoric monument represents the monumental burial tradition of early farming communities who settled in southwest Scotland around 5,000 years ago. The cairn sits upon bedrock formed from the Tappins Group wacke, a hard sedimentary rock deposited during the Caradocian period of the Ordovician geological age. The local geology would have provided substantial stone for the cairn's construction and the internal chamber structure typical of monuments from this era.

Chambered cairns served as communal burial places, often used repeatedly over generations. The monument at Bencallen Hill would have consisted of a rubble mound containing an internal stone chamber or chambers accessed by a passage. Such sites frequently show evidence of having been built, used, refurbished and emptied over long periods, reflecting the changing needs and practices of successive communities.

The site is protected by Historic Environment Scotland as a Scheduled Monument under reference SM3890. This designation ensures preservation of this important archaeological resource, which contributes to our understanding of Neolithic settlement, ritual practices and social organisation in Ayrshire during the early prehistoric period.

Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn is a scheduled monument protected by Historic Environment Scotland under reference SM3890. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn?

Bencallen Hill is a Neolithic chambered cairn located in Ayrshire, Scotland. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Historic Environment Scotland under reference SM3890.

What period does Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn date from?

Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn dates from the neolithic period, and is classified as a chambered cairn. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn?

Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Historic Environment Scotland — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Scotland. The official designation reference is SM3890.

What other scheduled monuments are near Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Rowantree tollhouse and inn, 230m S of Laigh Rowantree Bridge (4.3 km), Knockinculloch,enclosures on E slope of,600m NW of Glenalla (6.2 km), Mote Knowe,motte,Kilkerran (7 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 14 strands of Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Stat Accounts
The parish Statistical Accounts of the 1790s and 1830s, describing life, work and population here.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn

Bencallen Hill,chambered cairn stands on Tappins Group, bedrock that formed in the Caradocian. The rock here is wacke.