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Birkby Colliery Conical Spoil Tip is a scheduled monument lying 600 metres west of Rose Gill Mill in Cumberland. The site preserves a substantial cone of waste material from coal mining operations, spread across 2.24 hectares and rising prominently from the Pennine landscape. The tip formed through the deposition of spoil extracted from workings in the underlying Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation, where Westphalian-age strata of mudstone, siltstone and sandstone alternate with coal seams and ironstone. Such conical tips are characteristic features of industrial archaeology across the North of England's coalfield regions.
The monument is protected by Historic England as a scheduled ancient monument under reference 1018071, recognising its archaeological and historical significance as a record of local extractive industry. The physical remains of the tip document the scale and methods of coal working in this part of Cumberland, whilst its geology reflects the substantial coal deposits that sustained mining activity in the area. The site's preservation provides important evidence of the landscape transformation caused by industrial extraction during the period of active colliery operation.
Birkby Colliery conical spoil tip 600m west of Rose Gill Mill is a scheduled monument protected by Historic England under reference 1018071. View the official record →
Birkby Colliery Conical Spoil Tip is a scheduled monument lying 600 metres west of Rose Gill Mill in Cumberland. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Historic England (NHLE) under reference 1018071.
Birkby Colliery conical spoil tip 600m west of Rose Gill Mill is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Historic England (NHLE) — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in England. The official designation reference is 1018071.
Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Netherhall (3.6 km), Medieval site in Netherhall Park, left bank of River Ellen (3.8 km), Coke ovens at the southern end of Furnace Road (4.4 km).
This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Birkby Colliery conical spoil tip 600m west of Rose Gill Mill's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:
Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.
Birkby Colliery conical spoil tip 600m west of Rose Gill Mill stands on Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation And South Wales Lower Coal Measures Formation (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.