Scheduled MonumentsScotlandBurgh Hill, fort and settlement
Iron Age · Fort and settlement

Burgh Hill, fort and settlement

Scotland
HES SM2169
Period
Iron Age
Site type
Fort and settlement
Nation
Scotland
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Historic Environment Scotland

Overview

History & significance

Burgh Hill is a fortified Iron Age settlement situated in Roxburghshire, Scottish Borders. The site occupies a naturally commanding position on felsic igneous bedrock of Permian age, which would have provided both defensive advantages and a stable foundation for construction. The underlying geology of acid volcanic rock is characteristic of this region and likely influenced the choice of location, offering elevated terrain with good natural drainage.

The settlement comprises an Iron Age fort with associated domestic structures, representing a significant centre of habitation and control during the pre-Roman period. The fortifications would have served both defensive and social functions, marking the status and territorial authority of its inhabitants. The combination of fort and settlement indicates a permanent or semi-permanent occupation rather than a temporary defensive refuge.

The monument is protected by Historic Environment Scotland as a scheduled ancient monument under reference SM2169, recognising its archaeological significance. The site survives as upstanding earthworks within the modern landscape, retaining evidence of Iron Age settlement patterns and construction practices in the Borders region. The preservation of both defensive and domestic elements makes Burgh Hill an important record of Iron Age social organisation and territorial occupation in south-eastern Scotland.

Burgh Hill, fort and settlement is a scheduled monument protected by Historic Environment Scotland under reference SM2169. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Burgh Hill, fort and settlement?

Burgh Hill is a fortified Iron Age settlement situated in Roxburghshire, Scottish Borders. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Historic Environment Scotland under reference SM2169.

What period does Burgh Hill, fort and settlement date from?

Burgh Hill, fort and settlement dates from the iron age period, and is classified as a fort and settlement. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Burgh Hill, fort and settlement?

Burgh Hill, fort and settlement is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Historic Environment Scotland — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Scotland. The official designation reference is SM2169.

What other scheduled monuments are near Burgh Hill, fort and settlement?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Gray Coat,settlement 540m NE of Priesthaugh (1.2 km), Gray Coat,pele-house 370m SE of (1.6 km), Priesthaugh,earthwork 130m SSE of (1.6 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about Burgh Hill, fort and settlement

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 14 strands of Burgh Hill, fort and settlement's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Stat Accounts
The parish Statistical Accounts of the 1790s and 1830s, describing life, work and population here.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Burgh Hill, fort and settlement

Burgh Hill, fort and settlement stands on Unnamed Igneous Intrusion, Carboniferous To Permian, bedrock that formed in the Permian. The rock here is felsic-rock.