Scheduled MonumentsWalesCairn Lwyd
Prehistoric · Round Cairn

Cairn Lwyd

Wales
Cadw SAM GM238
Period
Prehistoric
Site type
Round Cairn
Broad class
Religious, Ritual and Funerary
Nation
Wales
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Cairn Lwyd is a prehistoric round cairn situated in Wales and protected as an ancient monument by Cadw (reference GM238). The monument lies upon bedrock of the South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, a geological sequence laid down during the Westphalian age. This underlying strata comprises alternating bands of mudstone, siltstone and sandstone interspersed with coal seams, ironstone and ferricrete, the iron-rich hardened layers characteristic of this Carboniferous coalfield geology.

As a round cairn, the monument represents a burial or ceremonial structure built during prehistoric times, its form typical of ritual monuments constructed across the upland zones of Wales during the Bronze Age and earlier periods. The use of locally available stone, quarried or gathered from the landscape above the Coal Measures bedrock, would have been fundamental to the cairn's construction. The substantial geology beneath the site—particularly the harder ferricrete bands—would have influenced both the procurement of suitable building materials and the choice of this location.

The monument's survival and protection under Cadw reflects the archaeological importance of such cairn sites in understanding prehistoric settlement, burial practice and land use across the Welsh uplands. Despite centuries of land use and weathering, Cairn Lwyd remains a tangible reminder of the monumental ambitions of prehistoric communities who worked the difficult terrain of the South Wales coalfields.

Cairn Lwyd is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM238. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Cairn Lwyd?

Cairn Lwyd is a prehistoric round cairn situated in Wales and protected as an ancient monument by Cadw (reference GM238).

What period does Cairn Lwyd date from?

Cairn Lwyd dates from the prehistoric period, and is classified as a round cairn. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Cairn Lwyd?

Cairn Lwyd is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM238.

What other scheduled monuments are near Cairn Lwyd?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Remains of Tondu Ironworks (6.3 km), Three Pillow Mounds on Cefn Hirgoed (7.4 km), Derwen Moated Site (7.7 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Cairn Lwyd

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Cairn Lwyd's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Cairn Lwyd

Cairn Lwyd stands on South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.

The wider landscape

Around Cairn Lwyd

Caerphilly CastleArchaeological site · ~14.7 miles